3.E: Periodic Properties (Exercises)
Periodic Variations in Element Properties
Based on their positions in the periodic table, predict which has the smallest atomic radius: Mg, Sr, Si, Cl, I.
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Cl
Based on their positions in the periodic table, predict which has the largest atomic radius: Li, Rb, N, F, I.
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Rb
Based on their positions in the periodic table, predict which has the largest first ionization energy: Mg, Ba, B, O, Te.
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O
Based on their positions in the periodic table, predict which has the smallest first ionization energy: Li, Cs, N, F, I.
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Cs
Based on their positions in the periodic table, rank the following atoms in order of increasing first ionization energy: F, Li, N, Rb
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Rb < Li < N < F
Based on their positions in the periodic table, rank the following atoms or compounds in order of increasing first ionization energy: Mg, O, S, Si
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Mg < Si < S < O
Atoms of which group in the periodic table have a valence shell electron configuration of ns 2 np 3 ?
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15 (5A)
Atoms of which group in the periodic table have a valence shell electron configuration of ns 2 ?
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2
Based on their positions in the periodic table, list the following atoms in order of increasing radius: Mg, Ca, Rb, Cs.
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Mg < Ca < Rb < Cs
Based on their positions in the periodic table, list the following atoms in order of increasing radius: Sr, Ca, Si, Cl.
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Cl < Si < Ca < Sr
Based on their positions in the periodic table, list the following ions in order of increasing radius: K + , Ca 2 + , Al 3 + , Si 4 + .
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Si 4 + < Al 3 + < Ca 2 + < K +
List the following ions in order of increasing radius: Br – , Li + , Te 2 – , Mg 2 + .
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Li + < Mg 2 + < Br – < Te 2 –
Which atom and/or ion is (are) isoelectronic with Br + : Se 2 + , Se, As – , Kr, Ga 3 + , Cl – ?
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Se, As −
Which of the following atoms and ions is (are) isoelectronic with S 2+ : Si 4 + , Cl 3 + , Ar, As 3 + , Si, Al 3 + ?
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Si, Cl 3 +
Compare both the numbers of protons and electrons present in each to rank the following ions in order of increasing radius: As 3 – , Br – , K + , Mg 2 + .
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Mg 2 + < K + < Br – < As 3 –
Of the five elements Al, Cl, I, Na, Rb, which has the most exothermic reaction? (E represents an atom.) What name is given to the energy for the reaction? Hint: note the process depicted does not correspond to electron affinity
\(\ce{E+}(g)+\ce{e-}⟶\ce{E}(g)\)
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Of the five elements Sn, Si, Sb, O, Te, which has the most endothermic reaction? (E represents an atom.) What name is given to the energy for the reaction?
\[\ce{E}(g)⟶\ce{E+}(g)+\ce{e-}\]
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O, IE 1
The ionic radii of the ions S 2– , Cl – , and K + are 184, 181, 138 pm respectively. Explain why these ions have different sizes even though they contain the same number of electrons.
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Which main group atom would be expected to have the lowest second ionization energy?
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Ra
Explain why Al is a member of group 13 rather than group 3?
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