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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/Analytical_Chemistry/2%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_2.0_(Harvey)/13%3A_Chromatographic/13.3%3A_Optimizing_Chromatographic_SeparationsNow that we have defined the solute retention factor, selectivity, and column efficiency we are able to consider how they affect the resolution of two closely eluting peaks. Because the two peaks have...Now that we have defined the solute retention factor, selectivity, and column efficiency we are able to consider how they affect the resolution of two closely eluting peaks. Because the two peaks have similar retention times, it is reasonable to assume that their peak widths are nearly identical.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Analytical_Chemistry_2.1_(Harvey)/12%3A_Chromatographic_and_Electrophoretic_Methods/12.08%3A_ProblemsThis page presents a comprehensive set of problems in chromatography and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Key topics include calculating theoretical plates, resolving power, chromatographic resol...This page presents a comprehensive set of problems in chromatography and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Key topics include calculating theoretical plates, resolving power, chromatographic resolution, retention indices, ion balances, and evaluating chromatographic data for various compounds. Problems engage chemical principles such as pH impact, calibration curves, and the Van Deemter equation.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Instrumental_Analysis_(LibreTexts)/27%3A_Gas_Chromatography/27.01%3A_Principles_of_Gas-Liquid_ChromatographyIn Chapter 26 we covered several important elements of chromatography, including the factors that affect the migration of solutes, the factors that contribute to band broadening, and the factors under...In Chapter 26 we covered several important elements of chromatography, including the factors that affect the migration of solutes, the factors that contribute to band broadening, and the factors under our control that we can use to optimize the separation of a mixture. Here we consider two topics that apply to a gas chromatographic separation, both of which are a function of the properties of gases.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/BethuneCookman_University/BCU%3A_CH-346_Instrumental_Analysis/Chromatography/ChromatographyChromatography is a method by which a mixture is separated by distributing its components between two phases. The stationary phase remains fixed in place while the mobile phase carries the components ...Chromatography is a method by which a mixture is separated by distributing its components between two phases. The stationary phase remains fixed in place while the mobile phase carries the components of the mixture through the medium being used. The stationary phase acts as a constraint on many of the components in a mixture, slowing them down to move slower than the mobile phase.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Instrumental_Analysis_(LibreTexts)/28%3A_High-Performance_Liquid_Chromatography/28.02%3A_Column_Efficiency_in_Liquid_ChromatographyUnlike gas chromatography, an HPLC instrument must often include additional tubing to connect together the sample injection port and the column, and the column and the detector. Solutes moving through...Unlike gas chromatography, an HPLC instrument must often include additional tubing to connect together the sample injection port and the column, and the column and the detector. Solutes moving through this tubing, which does not include stationary phase, travel with a velocity that is slower at the walls of the tubing and faster at the center of the tubing; the result is additional band broadening.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Worksheets/Worksheets%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_II/Chromatographic_ResolutionUsing the chromatogram shown below, calculate the retention factor for each peak 1-4 and find the resolution and relative retention for each pair of adjacent compounds. (Hint: use a ruler!) If the dif...Using the chromatogram shown below, calculate the retention factor for each peak 1-4 and find the resolution and relative retention for each pair of adjacent compounds. (Hint: use a ruler!) If the difference between the retention times remains the same, how would the peak widths have to change? Calculate the number of theoretical plates for each compound and the average number of theoretical plates for the column.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Instrumentation_and_Analysis/Chromatography/ChromatographyChromatography is a method by which a mixture is separated by distributing its components between two phases. The stationary phase remains fixed in place while the mobile phase carries the components ...Chromatography is a method by which a mixture is separated by distributing its components between two phases. The stationary phase remains fixed in place while the mobile phase carries the components of the mixture through the medium being used. The stationary phase acts as a constraint on many of the components in a mixture, slowing them down to move slower than the mobile phase.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Worksheets/Worksheets%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_II/Introduction_to_ChromatographyThree snapshots in time show the progress of the two solutes, A and B, as they are flushed down the column with a polar mobile phase at a constant flow rate. The dot represents a molecule that has jus...Three snapshots in time show the progress of the two solutes, A and B, as they are flushed down the column with a polar mobile phase at a constant flow rate. The dot represents a molecule that has just left the stationary phase is about to diffuse across the mobile phase and re-encounter the stationary phase on the other side of the column.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Davis/Chem_105%3A_Analytical_Chemistry/UCD_Chem_105%3A_Lab_Manual/Lab_4%3A_Gas_ChromatographyGas chromatography is a physical method of separation in which the components to be separated are distributed between two phases, one being a stationary bed of large surface area, and the other a gas ...Gas chromatography is a physical method of separation in which the components to be separated are distributed between two phases, one being a stationary bed of large surface area, and the other a gas that percolates through the stationary bed. When the stationary phase is a solid, the separation process is more precisely called gas-solid chromatography.
