3.E: Functional Groups (Exercises)
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- 338696
Additional Exercises
- Identify each compound as an alcohol, a phenol, or an ether. Classify any alcohols as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°).
- CH3CH2CH2OH
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- CH3CH2CH2OH
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Identify each compound as an alcohol, a phenol, or an ether. Classify any alcohols as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
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CH3CH2OCH2CH3
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In addition to ethanol, the fermentation of grain produces other organic compounds collectively called fusel oils (FO). The four principal FO components are 1-propanol, isobutyl alcohol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2-methyl-1-butanol. Draw a structure for each. (FO is quite toxic and accounts in part for hangovers.)
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Draw and name the isomeric ethers that have the formula C5H12O.
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Menthol is an ingredient in mentholated cough drops and nasal sprays. It produces a cooling, refreshing sensation when rubbed on the skin and so is used in shaving lotions and cosmetics. Thymol, the aromatic equivalent of menthol, is the flavoring constituent of thyme.
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To what class of compounds does each belong?
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Give an alternate name for thymol.
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The amino acid cysteine has the formula HSCH2CH(NH2)COOH. What is the sulfur-containing functional group in the cysteine molecule?
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The amino acid methionine has the formula CH3SCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH. What is the sulfur-containing functional group are in methionine?
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Tetrahydrocannabinol is the principal active ingredient in marijuana. What functional groups are present in this molecule?
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Name each compound.
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(CH3CH2)3N
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(CH3CH2)2NCH3
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Draw the structure for each compound.
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dimethylammonium chloride
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anilinium chloride
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Name each compound.
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CH3CH2CH2CH2OCH3
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CH3CH2OCH2CH2CH3
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Draw the structure for each compound.
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methyl ethyl ether
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diisopropyl ether
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Draw the structure for each alcohol.
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cyclopentanol
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4-methyl-2-hexanol
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4,5-dimethyl-3-heptanol
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Answers
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- primary alcohol
- secondary alcohol
- phenol
- ether
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Menthol is a cyclic alcohol (secondary) and thymol is a phenol.
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2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol
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- Thioether
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triethylamine
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diethylmethylamine
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butyl methyl ether
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ethyl propyl ether
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