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  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/LATTC_Hybrid_Chem_51/14%3A_Chemistry_of_Life%3A_Organic_and_Biological_Chemistry/14.5%3A_Functional_Groups
    Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity. A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavi...Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity. A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavior when it is present in a compound. Because of their importance in understanding organic chemistry, functional groups have characteristic names that often carry over in the naming of individual compounds incorporating specific groups
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/DMA_Chem_51_Su_19/2%3A_Beginning_Chemistry_(Ball)/14%3A_Chemistry_of_Life%3A_Organic_and_Biological_Chemistry/14.5%3A_Functional_Groups
    Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity. A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavi...Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity. A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavior when it is present in a compound. Because of their importance in understanding organic chemistry, functional groups have characteristic names that often carry over in the naming of individual compounds incorporating specific groups
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Brevard_College/LNC_216_CHE/06%3A_Organic_Chemistry/6.02%3A_The_Functional_Group
    Organic molecules vary greatly in size and when focusing on functional groups, we want to direct our attention to the atoms involved in the functional group. The letter R is used in molecular structur...Organic molecules vary greatly in size and when focusing on functional groups, we want to direct our attention to the atoms involved in the functional group. The letter R is used in molecular structures to represent the “Rest of the molecule”. It consists of a group of carbon and hydrogen atoms of any size. The structure of capsaicin, the compound responsible for the heat in peppers, incorporates several functional groups, labeled in the figure below and explained throughout this section.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Williams_School/Chemistry_II/04%3A_Organic_Functional_Groups/4.01%3A_Organic_Functional_Groups
    Functional groups are to organic chemistry what ions are to general chemistry.  We simply must be able to recognize and distinguish between functional grouops to learn organic chemistry.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Workbench/OpenStax_Chemistry_Remixed%3A_Clovis_Community_College/20%3A_Organic_Chemistry/20.02%3A_Hydrocarbons
    Strong, stable bonds between carbon atoms produce complex molecules containing chains, branches, and rings. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen. The alkanes are sat...Strong, stable bonds between carbon atoms produce complex molecules containing chains, branches, and rings. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen. The alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons—that is, hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds. Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. Aromatic hydrocarbons contain ring of delocalized π electrons.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Alberta_Augustana_Campus/AUCHE_250%3A_Organic_Chemistry_I/01%3A_Review/1.11%3A_Functional_Groups
    Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity. A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavi...Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity. A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavior when it is present in a compound. Because of their importance in understanding organic chemistry, functional groups have characteristic names that often carry over in the naming of individual compounds incorporating specific groups
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Changing_Times_(Hill_and_McCreary)/09%3A_Organic_Chemistry/9.05%3A_The_Functional_Group
    Organic molecules vary greatly in size and when focusing on functional groups, we want to direct our attention to the atoms involved in the functional group. The letter R is used in molecular structur...Organic molecules vary greatly in size and when focusing on functional groups, we want to direct our attention to the atoms involved in the functional group. The letter R is used in molecular structures to represent the “Rest of the molecule”. It consists of a group of carbon and hydrogen atoms of any size. The structure of capsaicin, the compound responsible for the heat in peppers, incorporates several functional groups, labeled in the figure below and explained throughout this section.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Brevard_College/CHE_201%3A_Organic_Chemistry_I/01%3A_Introduction_to_Organic_Chemistry/1.02%3A_The_Functional_Group
    Organic chemistry is organized based on specific molecular moieties called functional groups
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Bellingham_Technical_College/CHEM_110%3A_Bellingham_Technical_College/03%3A_Module_3/3.04%3A_Alkyl_Halides_and_Alcohols
    The presence of a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, or I; X is also used to represent any halogen atom) is one of the simplest functional groups. Organic compounds that contain a halogen atom are called alkyl ...The presence of a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, or I; X is also used to represent any halogen atom) is one of the simplest functional groups. Organic compounds that contain a halogen atom are called alkyl halides.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Chemistry_2e_(OpenStax)/20%3A_Organic_Chemistry/20.01%3A_Hydrocarbons
    Strong, stable bonds between carbon atoms produce complex molecules containing chains, branches, and rings. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen. The alkanes are sat...Strong, stable bonds between carbon atoms produce complex molecules containing chains, branches, and rings. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed of only carbon and hydrogen. The alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons—that is, hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds. Alkenes contain one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. Alkynes contain one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds. Aromatic hydrocarbons contain ring of delocalized π electrons.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Georgia_Southern_University/CHEM_1152%3A_Survey_of_Chemistry_II_(Osborne)/04%3A_Organic_Nomenclature_-_Carbonyl-Containing_Compounds
    We continue our study of organic molecules by further examining molecules that contain a carbon-oxygen double bond (referred to as a carbonyl group). This section will include molecules that contain ...We continue our study of organic molecules by further examining molecules that contain a carbon-oxygen double bond (referred to as a carbonyl group). This section will include molecules that contain the carbon-oxygen double along with a carbon-heteroatom single bond to again form a variety of organic families.

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