7: Organic Chemistry of Drugs
- Page ID
- 227588
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- 7.1: Drug Definition and Activity
- In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect.A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being.Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis
- 7.2: Therapeutic index
- The therapeutic index is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug.
- 7.3: The phases of Drug Action
- While there are several types of exeptions, the effects of most drugs result from their interaction with functional macromolecular components of the organism. Such interaction alters the function of the pertinent cellular component and thereby initiates the series of biochemical and physiological changes that are characteristic of the response to the drug. The term receptor is used to denote the component of the organism with which the chemical agent interacts.
- 7.4: Drug discovery and development
- Lead compound in drug discovery is a chemical compound that has pharmacological or biological activity likely to be therapeutically useful, but may nevertheless have suboptimal structure that requires modification.
- 7.5: Molecular Modification
- The introduction or removal of specific functional groups can alter the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a drug, and therefore, its biological effect. In this section, we will explore some generalities of chemical modification of a drug to generate analogs.