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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Lansing_Community_College/LCC%3A_Chem_151_-_General_Chemistry_I/Text/06%3A_Thermochemistry/6.03%3A_EnthalpyAt constant pressure, heat flow (q) and internal energy (U) are related to the system’s enthalpy (H).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Nassau_Community_College/General_Chemistry_1/09%3A_Thermochemistry/9.04%3A_EnthalpyIf a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of en...If a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of enthalpy changes include enthalpy of combustion, enthalpy of fusion, enthalpy of vaporization, and standard enthalpy of formation. If the enthalpies of formation are available for the reactants and products of a reaction, the enthalpy change can be calculated using Hess’s law.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(Fleming)/04%3A_Putting_the_First_Law_to_Work/4.04%3A_The_Joule_ExperimentThe text explores the concept of changes in internal energy, considering as a function of volume and temperature. It relates to the constant volume heat capacity and introduces "internal pressure". Th...The text explores the concept of changes in internal energy, considering as a function of volume and temperature. It relates to the constant volume heat capacity and introduces "internal pressure". The work of James Prescott Joule is discussed, who demonstrated that ????? should be zero based on his experiments.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(Fleming)/06%3A_Putting_the_Second_Law_to_Work/6.02%3A_Combining_the_First_and_Second_Laws_-_Maxwell's_RelationsThis page discusses the dependence of Gibbs and Helmholtz functions on variables like temperature, pressure, and volume, highlighting the integration of the First and Second Laws into a mathematical e...This page discusses the dependence of Gibbs and Helmholtz functions on variables like temperature, pressure, and volume, highlighting the integration of the First and Second Laws into a mathematical expression. It focuses on the development of Maxwell Relations, which arise from these combined laws and offer a powerful way to substitute partial derivatives to simplify thermodynamic analyses.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Widener_University/CHEM_145%3A_FA22_Van_Bramer/06%3A_Thermochemistry/6.06%3A_EnthalpyIf a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of en...If a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of enthalpy changes include enthalpy of combustion, enthalpy of fusion, enthalpy of vaporization, and standard enthalpy of formation. If the enthalpies of formation are available for the reactants and products of a reaction, the enthalpy change can be calculated using Hess’s law.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Chemical_Thermodynamics_(Supplement_to_Shepherd_et_al.)/11%3A_Fundamental_8_-_Energy_Transformations/11.01%3A_Internal_EnergyThe internal energy of a system is identified with the random, disordered motion of molecules; the total (internal) energy in a system includes potential and kinetic energy. This is contrast to extern...The internal energy of a system is identified with the random, disordered motion of molecules; the total (internal) energy in a system includes potential and kinetic energy. This is contrast to external energy which is a function of the sample with respect to the outside environment (e.g. kinetic energy if the sample is moving or potential energy if the sample is at a height from the ground etc).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Widener_University/Widener_University%3A_Chem_135/06%3A_Thermochemistry/6.03%3A_Enthalpy-_IntroductionIf a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of en...If a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of enthalpy changes include enthalpy of combustion, enthalpy of fusion, enthalpy of vaporization, and standard enthalpy of formation. If the enthalpies of formation are available for the reactants and products of a reaction, the enthalpy change can be calculated using Hess’s law.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Thompson_Rivers_University/TRU%3A_Fundamentals_and_Principles_of_Chemistry_(CHEM_1510_and_CHEM_1520)/03%3A_Thermochemistry/3.04%3A_Enthalpy_of_ReactionFor a chemical reaction, the enthalpy of reaction (\(ΔH_{rxn}\)) is the difference in enthalpy between products and reactants; the units of \(ΔH_{rxn}\) are kilojoules per mole. Reversing a chemical r...For a chemical reaction, the enthalpy of reaction (\(ΔH_{rxn}\)) is the difference in enthalpy between products and reactants; the units of \(ΔH_{rxn}\) are kilojoules per mole. Reversing a chemical reaction reverses the sign of \(ΔH_{rxn}\).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Widener_University/Widener_University%3A_Chem_135/06%3A_Thermochemistry/6.04%3A_Enthalpy-_Heat_of_CombustionIf a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of en...If a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of enthalpy changes include enthalpy of combustion, enthalpy of fusion, enthalpy of vaporization, and standard enthalpy of formation. If the enthalpies of formation are available for the reactants and products of a reaction, the enthalpy change can be calculated using Hess’s law.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_North_Carolina_Charlotte/CHEM_2141%3A__Survey_of_Physical_Chemistry/02%3A_General_Chemistry_Review/2.02%3A_Thermodynamics/2.2.02%3A_EnthalpyIf a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of en...If a chemical change is carried out at constant pressure and the only work done is caused by expansion or contraction, q for the change is called the enthalpy change with the symbol ΔH. Examples of enthalpy changes include enthalpy of combustion, enthalpy of fusion, enthalpy of vaporization, and standard enthalpy of formation. If the enthalpies of formation are available for the reactants and products of a reaction, the enthalpy change can be calculated using Hess’s law.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/can/CHEM_210%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(An_Atoms_Up_Approach)/13%3A_Thermochemistry/13.03%3A__Enthalpy_H_and_Heat_of_ReactionFor a chemical reaction, the enthalpy of reaction (\(ΔH_{rxn}\)) is the difference in enthalpy between products and reactants; the units of \(ΔH_{rxn}\) are kilojoules per mole. Reversing a chemical r...For a chemical reaction, the enthalpy of reaction (\(ΔH_{rxn}\)) is the difference in enthalpy between products and reactants; the units of \(ΔH_{rxn}\) are kilojoules per mole. Reversing a chemical reaction reverses the sign of \(ΔH_{rxn}\).
