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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/01%3A_Science_Itself/1.02%3A_Developing_the_Scientific_MethodThe first step of science is choosing to observe the world, but what comes next? There are several things that can be done: document results, repeat observations, make more careful observations, and e...The first step of science is choosing to observe the world, but what comes next? There are several things that can be done: document results, repeat observations, make more careful observations, and eventually experiments. This process leads to something that is sometimes referred to as the scientific method. Within the subsections that follow, we will explore these ideas in greater detail. Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): A schematic of a possible scientific method.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/09%3A_Electromagnetic_Radiation_and_Optics/9.08%3A_Lenses_Mirrors_and_Polarization/9.8.02%3A_Image_Formation_by_MirrorsIf the rays are extrapolated backward, they seem to originate from a common point behind the mirror, locating the image. (The paths of the reflected rays into the eye are the same as if they had come ...If the rays are extrapolated backward, they seem to originate from a common point behind the mirror, locating the image. (The paths of the reflected rays into the eye are the same as if they had come directly from that point behind the mirror.) Using the law of reflection—the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence—we can see that the image and object are the same distance from the mirror.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/10%3A_Elements_Are_Made_of_Atoms/10.08%3A_Quantum_MechanicsOne of the tenants of quantum mechanics is that any moving object also has wave properties. (The specific relationship is called the de Broglie wave equation, but we will not explore it in detail.) Th...One of the tenants of quantum mechanics is that any moving object also has wave properties. (The specific relationship is called the de Broglie wave equation, but we will not explore it in detail.) The wavelength is inversely proportional to the momentum of the moving object. The difference between this model and the Bohr model is that we are not specifying the location or direction of movement of the electron, simply the potential energy of the electron based on its distance from the nucleus.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/03%3A_Types_of_Motion_and_Their_CausesThumbnail: For every action there is a reaction. (CC BY-SA 3.0; Benjamin Crowell)
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/09%3A_Electromagnetic_Radiation_and_Optics/9.02%3A_Maxwells_Equations-_Electromagnetic_Waves_Predicted_and_ObservedIn fact, the speed of light in a vacuum \(c\) is so important that it is accepted as one of the basic physical quantities and has the fixed value Across the laboratory, Hertz had another loop attached...In fact, the speed of light in a vacuum \(c\) is so important that it is accepted as one of the basic physical quantities and has the fixed value Across the laboratory, Hertz had another loop attached to another circuit, which could be tuned (as the dial on a radio) to the same resonant frequency as the first and could, thus, be made to receive electromagnetic waves.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/12%3A_Physical_Properties/12.10%3A_Soap-_an_Application_of_Physical_Properties[35] In modern times, the use of soap has become commonplace in industrialized nations due to a better understanding of the role of hygiene in reducing the population size of pathogenic microorganisms...[35] In modern times, the use of soap has become commonplace in industrialized nations due to a better understanding of the role of hygiene in reducing the population size of pathogenic microorganisms (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)). That leaves the polar carboxylate ion of the soap molecules are sticking out of the oil droplets, the surface of each oil droplet is negatively charged.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/10%3A_Elements_Are_Made_of_Atoms/10.05%3A_Understanding_the_Periodic_TableThere are a few reasons for this, that will be explored somewhat, but not in a great deal of detail. (The short answer is that there is greater complexity with the internal workings of some elements t...There are a few reasons for this, that will be explored somewhat, but not in a great deal of detail. (The short answer is that there is greater complexity with the internal workings of some elements that gives rise to what might be viewed as exceptions.) Some of these differences are due to trends in physical properties, which have more complex origins than chemical properties.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/zz%3A_Back_Matter
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/11%3A_Chemical_Bonds/11.03%3A_The_Octet_RuleThe processional, the ceremonies, even the speeches can be handled because this marks the end of a stage of life and the beginning of another one. The octet rule states that atoms tend to form compoun...The processional, the ceremonies, even the speeches can be handled because this marks the end of a stage of life and the beginning of another one. The octet rule states that atoms tend to form compounds in ways that give them eight valence electrons, and thus the electron configuration of a noble gas. An exception to an octet of electrons is in the case of the first noble gas, helium, which only has two valence electrons.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/13%3A_Chemical_Reactions/13.09%3A_Redox_Reactions-_The_Transfer_of_ElectronsThe simplest way to think of this is that the oxidizing agent is the substance that is reduced, while the reducing agent is the substance that is oxidized.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Madera_Community_College/Concepts_of_Physical_Science/04%3A_Fluid_Mechanics_and_Waves/4.01%3A_Introduction_to_Fluids_and_WavesMuch of what we value in life is fluid: a breath of fresh winter air; the hot blue flame in our gas cooker; the water we drink, swim in, and bathe in; the blood in our veins. The physical characterist...Much of what we value in life is fluid: a breath of fresh winter air; the hot blue flame in our gas cooker; the water we drink, swim in, and bathe in; the blood in our veins. The physical characteristics of fluids and some of the laws that govern their behavior are one of the topics of this chapter. What do an ocean buoy, a child in a swing, the cone inside a speaker, a guitar, atoms in a crystal, the motion of chest cavities, and the beating of hearts all have in common?
