4: Chemical Reactions and Quantities
- Page ID
- 369194
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- 4.1: Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change
- Climate change includes global warming driven by human-induced greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns.
- 4.2: Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
- A chemical reaction is described by a chemical equation that gives the identities and quantities of the reactants and the products. In a chemical reaction, one or more substances are transformed to new substances. A chemical reaction is described by a chemical equation, an expression that gives the identities and quantities of the substances involved in a reaction. A chemical equation shows the starting compound(s)—the reactants—on the left and the final compound(s)—the products—on the right.
- 4.3: Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield
- The stoichiometry of a balanced chemical equation identifies the maximum amount of product that can be obtained. The stoichiometry of a reaction describes the relative amounts of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation. A stoichiometric quantity of a reactant is the amount necessary to react completely with the other reactant(s). If a reactant remains unconsumed after complete reaction has occurred, it is in excess. The reactant that is consumed first is the limiting reagent.
- 4.4: Reaction Stoichiometry- How Much Carbon Dioxide?
- A balanced chemical equation may be used to describe a reaction’s stoichiometry (the relationships between amounts of reactants and products). Coefficients from the equation are used to derive stoichiometric factors that subsequently may be used for computations relating reactant and product masses, molar amounts, and other quantitative properties.
- 4.6: Combustion Reactions
- A combustion reaction is one in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of heat and light. One of the most commonly used combustion reactions is the burning of hydrocarbons as fuel.