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8.1: Chemical Bond Formation: An Introduction

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    Chemical Bond Formation

    Bond Types

     

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    A bond between an atom with χ = 0.8 and an atom with χ = 1.0 will be:

    Answer

    metallic, because they are of low electronegativity and the difference is less than 0.5 (χ <2 and Δχ<0.5

     

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    A bond between an atom with χ = 0.8 and an atom with χ = 3.5 will be:

    Answer

    ionic, because the difference in electronegativity is geater than 2 (Δχ >2) .  

     

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    A bond between an atom with χ = 0.8 and an atom with χ = 2.2will be:

    Answer

    polar covalent, beacuse the difference in electronegativey is greater that 0.5 and less than 2 (0.5< Δχ < 2.0)

     

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    A bond between an atom with χ = 3.0 and an atom with χ = 3.5 will be:

    Answer

    Covalent because they both have high electronegativity and the difference in electronegativey is less than 0.5  (χ > 3 and Δχ<0.5)

     

    Practice problems

     

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Which of the following groups of molecules contains no ionic compounds?

    1. HCN, NO2, and Ca(NO3)2
    2. PCl5, LiBr, and Zn(OH)2
    3. KOH, CCl4, and SF4
    4. NaH, CaF2, and NaNH2
    5. CH2O, H2S, and NH3
    Answer

    e. CH2O, H2S, and NH3

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{2}\)

    Which combination of atoms is most likely to produce a compound with ionic bonds?

    1. B and C
    2. S and O
    3. N and F
    4. Si and Cl
    5. Mg and O
    Answer

    e. Mg and O

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{3}\)

    Which combination of atoms is most likely to produce a compound with covalent bonds?

    1. K and Br
    2. Al and S
    3. S and Cl
    4. Sn and F
    5. Li and I
    Answer

    c. S and Cl

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{4}\)

    Which of the following pairs of compounds contains ionic bonds?

    1. KI and O3
    2. NaF and H2O
    3. PCl5 and HF
    4. Na2SO3 and BH3
    5. RbBr and MgS
    Answer

    e. RbBr and MgS

    Exercise \(\PageIndex{5}\)

    Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT?

    1. Ionic bonds form when one or more valence electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
    2. Covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons between atoms.
    3. In most covalently bonded compounds, electrons are NOT shared equally between the atoms.

    a. 1 only        b. 2 only        c. 3 only        d. 1 and 2        e. 1, 2, and 3

    Answer

    e. 1, 2, and 3

     

    8.1: Chemical Bond Formation: An Introduction is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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