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Synthesis of Phenols

Last updated

Jan 23, 2023
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- Substitution of the Hydroxyl Hydrogen
- Phenylamine and Diazonium Compounds

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Under construction

Several laboratory methods for the synthesis of phenols:

by an ester rearrangement in the Fries rearrangement
by a rearrangement of N-phenylhydroxylamines in the Bamberger rearrangement
by hydrolysis of phenolic esters or ethers
by reduction of quinones
by replacement of an aromatic amine by an hydroxyl group with water and sodium bisulfide in the Bucherer reaction
by hydrolysis of diazonium salts
by oligomerisation with formaldehyde + base catalysed reaction with epichlorohydrin to epoxi resin components
by reaction with acetone/ketones to e.g. Bisphenol A, an important monomer for resins, e.g. polycarbonate (PC), epoxi resins
by a rearrangement reaction of dienones ^[30] in the dienone phenol rearrangement:^[31]

by the oxidation of aryl silanes—an aromatic variation of the Fleming-Tamao oxidation ^[32]
by the addition of benzene and propene in H
3PO
4 to form cumene then O
2 is added with H
2SO
4 to form phenol (Hock Process)
enzymatic polymerization^[33]

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