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7.22: Fractional Distillation

Last updated

Apr 7, 2022
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- 7.21: Simple Distillation
- 7.23: Vacuum Distillation

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Fractional Distillation parts: Thermometer adapter, 3-way adapter, fractional column, distilling flask, condenser, water in/out, vacuum adapter, receiving flask — Figure 7.10: Fractional distillation apparatus.

Table 7.20: Procedural summary for fractional distillation.
Most comments for a simple distillation apply to fractional distillation as well. The distilling pot will need to be heated more vigorously than with a simple distillation, as there is a greater distance for the vapors to travel before reaching the condenser.	Commonly the column will need to be insulated to maintain heat: wrap the column (and three-way adapter if desired) in glass wool followed by an outer layer of aluminum foil.	Droplets of liquid should be seen in the fractional column, but there should never be a large pool of liquid (flooding). If the column floods, allow the liquid to drain back into the distilling flask and heat at a gentler rate.

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