Chapter 12: Structure Determination - Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy
- Page ID
- 448660
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After you have completed Chapter 12, you should be able to
- fulfillall of the detailed objectives listed under each individual section.
- solve road-map problems that include mass spectral data, infrared data, or both.
- define, and use in context, the key terms introduced.
The processes of identifying and characterizing organic compounds are of great importance to the working organic chemist. With the use of modern instrumental techniques, these tasks can now be accomplished much more readily than in the past. In this chapter, you will learn about two spectroscopic techniques (mass spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy) that are used to identify organic compounds.
- 12.1: Why This Chapter?
- Finding the structures of new molecules, whether small ones synthesized in the laboratory or large proteins and nucleic acids found in living organisms, is central to progress in chemistry and biochemistry. We can only scratch the surface of structure determination in this book, but after reading this and the following two chapters, you should have a good idea of the range of structural techniques available and of how and when each is used.
- 12.2: Mass Spectrometry of Small Molecules - Magnetic-Sector Instruments
- At its simplest, mass spectrometry (MS) is a technique for measuring the mass, and therefore the molecular weight (MW), of a molecule. In addition, it’s often possible to gain structural information about a molecule by measuring the masses of the fragments produced when molecules are broken apart.
- 12.4: Mass Spectrometry of Some Common Functional Groups
- As each functional group is discussed in future chapters, mass-spectral fragmentations characteristic of that group will be described. As a preview, though, we’ll point out some distinguishing features of several common functional groups.