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Water Properties

Last updated

Jun 5, 2019
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- Units and Conversion Factors
- Back Matter

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Water Density (kg/m³) at Different Temperatures (°C)
Temperature¹	Density
0	999.8395
4	999.9720 (density maximum)
10	999.7026
15	999.1026
20	998.2071
22	997.7735
25	997.0479
30	995.6502
40	992.2
60	983.2
80	971.8
100	958.4

Water Vapor Pressure at Different Temperatures (°C)
Temperature	Vapor Pressure (torr)	Vapor Pressure (Pa)
0	4.6	613.2812
4	6.1	813.2642
10	9.2	1226.562
15	12.8	1706.522
20	17.5	2333.135
22	19.8	2639.776
25	23.8	3173.064
30	31.8	4239.64
35	42.2	5626.188
40	55.3	7372.707
45	71.9	9585.852
50	92.5	12332.29
55	118.0	15732
60	149.4	19918.31
65	187.5	24997.88
70	233.7	31157.35
75	289.1	38543.39
80	355.1	47342.64
85	433.6	57808.42
90	525.8	70100.71
95	633.9	84512.82
100	760.0	101324.7

Water K_w and pK_w at Different Temperatures (°C)
Temperature	K_w 10^–14	pK_w²
0	0.112	14.95
5	0.182	14.74
10	0.288	14.54
15	0.465	14.33
20	0.671	14.17
25	0.991	14.00
30	1.432	13.84
35	2.042	13.69
40	2.851	13.55
45	3.917	13.41
50	5.297	13.28
55	7.080	13.15
60	9.311	13.03
75	19.95	12.70
100	56.23	12.25

Specific Heat Capacity for Water
C°(H₂O(l)) = 4184 J∙K⁻¹∙kg⁻¹ = 4.184 J∙g^-1∙°C^-1
C°(H₂O(s)) = 1864 J∙K⁻¹∙kg⁻¹
C°(H₂O(g)) = 2093 J∙K⁻¹∙kg⁻¹

Standard Water Melting and Boiling Temperatures and Enthalpies of the Transitions
	Temperature (K)	ΔH (kJ/mol)
melting	273.15	6.088
boiling	373.15	40.656 (44.016 at 298 K)

Water Cryoscopic (Freezing Point Depression) and Ebullioscopic (Boiling Point Elevation) Constants
K_f = 1.86°C∙kg∙mol⁻¹ (cryoscopic constant)
K_b = 0.51°C∙kg∙mol⁻¹ (ebullioscopic constant)

<figure class="ui-has-child-figcaption" id="CNX_Chem_00_EE_LiqWatAbso"> <figcaption>Water full-range spectral absorption curve. This curve shows the full-range spectral absorption for water. The y-axis signifies the absorption in 1/cm. If we divide 1 by this value, we will obtain the length of the path (in cm) after which the intensity of a light beam passing through water decays by a factor of the base of the natural logarithm e (e = 2.718281828).</figcaption> </figure>

Footnotes

1 Data for t < 0 °C are for supercooled water
2 pK_w = –log₁₀(K_w)

Footnotes

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