Glossary
- Page ID
- 279536
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") | (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") |  | The infamous double helix | https://bio.libretexts.org/ | CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen |
| Word(s) | Definition | Image | Caption | Link | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acid Dissociation Constants | The equilibrium constants for the dissociation of acids into hydrogen ions and their conjugate base in solution. | ||||
| Activity Effects | The changes in the effective concentration of ions in a solution, accounting for interactions between ions that influence their behavior. | ||||
| Amperometric Methods | Electrochemical techniques where the current is measured as a function of applied voltage to analyze a sample. | ||||
| Buoyancy of Air | The correction needed for mass measurements, considering the density of air when weighing objects in a laboratory balance. | ||||
| Calibration Curve | A graphical representation of the relationship between the known concentrations of standards and their corresponding analytical responses. | ||||
| Chemical Kinetics | The study of the rates at which chemical reactions occur and the factors influencing these rates. | ||||
| Chromatography | A separation technique based on the differential affinities of compounds in a mixture to stationary and mobile phases. | ||||
| Column Chromatography | A chromatographic method where the stationary phase is packed in a column and the mobile phase carries the sample through it. | ||||
| Complexation Titrations | A type of titrimetric method where the analyte forms a complex with a reagent, which is used to determine its concentration. | ||||
| Critical Values for t-Test | The values used to determine statistical significance in hypothesis testing using the t-distribution. | ||||
| Detection Limits | The smallest quantity of an analyte that can be reliably detected but not necessarily quantified in a sample. | ||||
| Determination | The process of quantifying the amount of analyte in a sample. | ||||
| Dixon's Q-Test | A statistical test used to identify outliers in a set of data points. | ||||
| Electrophoresis | A separation technique where charged particles move through a gel under the influence of an electric field. | ||||
| Electrochemistry | The study of chemical processes that involve the movement of electrons, often used in potentiometry, coulometry, and voltammetry. | ||||
| Emission Spectroscopy | A spectroscopic method in which atoms or molecules emit light at characteristic wavelengths after being excited. | ||||
| Excel and R | Software tools used for statistical analysis, data visualization, and conducting various types of analytical chemistry computations. | ||||
| Formation Constants | The equilibrium constants for the formation of complex ions from a metal and a ligand. | ||||
| F-Test | A statistical test used to compare two variances to determine if they are significantly different. | ||||
| Gravimetric Methods | Analytical methods based on the measurement of mass, typically involving the precipitation of a compound. | ||||
| Grubb's Test | A statistical test used for detecting outliers in small data sets. | ||||
| High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, HPLC | A modern chromatographic technique that uses high-pressure pumps to force solvents through a column to separate compounds in a liquid sample. | ||||
| Hydrogen Ion Concentration | A measure of the concentration of H⁺ ions in a solution, typically used to determine the pH of a solution. | ||||
| Instrumental Methods | Analytical techniques that involve the use of instruments, such as spectrometers or chromatographs, to measure the concentration of analytes. | ||||
| Interferents | Substances that affect the accuracy of the analysis by interfering with the measurement of the analyte. | ||||
| Kinetic Methods | Techniques that rely on the measurement of the rate of a chemical reaction to determine the concentration of analytes. | ||||
| Le Chatelier’s Principle | A principle in chemistry that states that a system at equilibrium will adjust to counteract any changes imposed on it. | ||||
| Linear Regression | A statistical method for modeling the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables, often used for calibration curves. | ||||
| Liquid-Liquid Extractions | A separation technique where two immiscible liquids are used to separate components based on their solubilities. | ||||
| Method Validation | The process of confirming that an analytical method produces accurate, reliable, and consistent results within defined limits. | ||||
| Measurement Uncertainty | The doubt that exists about the result of any measurement due to possible errors and variability in the process. | ||||
| Normal Distribution | A symmetric, bell-shaped probability distribution, often used to model the distribution of experimental errors. | ||||
| Normality | A concentration unit for acids and bases in solution, defined as the gram equivalent weight per liter of solution. | ||||
| Precipitation Gravimetry | A gravimetric method where a substance is precipitated out of a solution and weighed to determine its concentration. | ||||
| Preconcentration | The process of increasing the concentration of an analyte in a sample prior to measurement to improve detection. | ||||
| Propagation of Uncertainty | The process of calculating the uncertainty of a result derived from multiple measurements with associated uncertainties. | ||||
| Quality Assurance | The systematic processes implemented to ensure the quality of laboratory results, including calibration, validation, and verification of methods. | ||||
| Quality Control | A set of procedures to ensure that analytical measurements meet predefined standards and specifications. | ||||
| Redox Titrations | Titrations based on the transfer of electrons between the analyte and the titrant, often used to determine the concentration of oxidizing or reducing agents. | ||||
| Regression Analysis | A statistical method for modeling the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables, especially useful in analytical chemistry for creating calibration curves. | ||||
| Reagent Blank | A sample containing all the components of the test except the analyte, used to correct for the interference from reagents. | ||||
| Solubility Products | Equilibrium constants for the dissolution of sparingly soluble salts in water. | ||||
| Spectroscopic Methods | Techniques that measure the interaction of light with matter to identify or quantify substances based on their absorption, emission, or scattering properties. | ||||
| Standard Reduction Potentials | The tendency of a substance to gain electrons, used in electrochemical analysis. | ||||
| Stoichiometry | The calculation of the quantities of reactants and products involved in chemical reactions. | ||||
| Titrimetry | A quantitative analytical method where a reagent of known concentration is added to a solution of the analyte until the reaction reaches a known endpoint. | ||||
| Titration Curves | Graphs used in titrimetry to show the change in a property (like pH or conductivity) as a titrant is added. | ||||
| Uncertainty | A parameter that characterizes the dispersion of the values attributed to a measured quantity, often arising from instrumental limitations or experimental error. | ||||
| Voltammetry | An electrochemical technique where the current is measured as a function of applied voltage to study the concentration of an analyte. | ||||
| Weighing by Difference | A method for determining the mass of a substance by subtracting the mass of the container from the total mass after the substance is added. | ||||
| X-ray Fluorescence | A type of spectroscopic technique that uses X-rays to analyze the elemental composition of materials. | ||||
| Zero-Order Reactions | Reactions where the rate of reaction is independent of the concentration of the reactants. |