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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/15%3A_Water/15.04%3A_Solute_and_SolventThis page discusses the effects of low winter temperatures on car radiators, leading to potential freezing damage. It explains how solutions form when a solute dissolves in a solvent, resulting in a h...This page discusses the effects of low winter temperatures on car radiators, leading to potential freezing damage. It explains how solutions form when a solute dissolves in a solvent, resulting in a homogeneous mixture. Water is highlighted as a common solvent, creating aqueous solutions with stable solute particles, such as sugar in water. The page notes that solute particles are typically under 1 nm in diameter, while the solvent is in greater quantity, and provides examples, including vinegar
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/04%3A_Atomic_Structure/4.09%3A_ProtonsThis page outlines the challenges scientists face in describing atomic structures compared to everyday objects. It details the discovery of the electron via a cathode ray tube and the identification o...This page outlines the challenges scientists face in describing atomic structures compared to everyday objects. It details the discovery of the electron via a cathode ray tube and the identification of the proton by Eugene Goldstein through canal rays. The summary emphasizes the relationship between electrons and protons in atoms, illustrating that the removal of an electron from hydrogen leaves a proton.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/18%3A_Kinetics/18.02%3A_Collision_TheoryThis page discusses the financial burden of car damage from collisions, especially when the at-fault driver is uninsured. It also explains collision theory, highlighting that reactant particles must c...This page discusses the financial burden of car damage from collisions, especially when the at-fault driver is uninsured. It also explains collision theory, highlighting that reactant particles must collide with adequate energy and orientation to produce products; ineffective collisions do not result in new materials, while effective collisions do lead to product formation.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/05%3A_Electrons_in_Atoms/5.07%3A_Spectral_Lines_of_Atomic_HydrogenThis page discusses the evolution of scientific theories through the analogy of car engine repairs, emphasizing that theories must adapt as new data emerge. It specifically explains Bohr's hydrogen at...This page discusses the evolution of scientific theories through the analogy of car engine repairs, emphasizing that theories must adapt as new data emerge. It specifically explains Bohr's hydrogen atom model, which accurately predicts the Balmer series of spectral lines but falls short for multi-electron atoms.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/02%3A_Matter_and_Change/2.06%3A_Physical_ChangeThis page explains physical changes in matter, which maintain identity while altering properties. It distinguishes between reversible changes (like melting ice) that can be restored, and irreversible ...This page explains physical changes in matter, which maintain identity while altering properties. It distinguishes between reversible changes (like melting ice) that can be restored, and irreversible changes (like grinding wood) that cannot. The text encourages exploring these changes through real-life examples, differentiating them from chemical changes.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/17%3A_Thermochemistry/17.05%3A_Specific_Heat_CalculationsThis page explains the role of water in cooling car engines due to its high heat absorption capacity. It describes how water circulates, absorbs heat, and is cooled in the radiator. The concept of spe...This page explains the role of water in cooling car engines due to its high heat absorption capacity. It describes how water circulates, absorbs heat, and is cooled in the radiator. The concept of specific heat is introduced through the formula q=cp×m×ΔT, allowing for calculations of heat absorption, mass, and temperature changes. Examples illustrate how to compute specific heat and predict final temperatures during heating or cooling.
