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A7: Electron Affinities

  • Page ID
    11304
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    The electron affinity is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom or molecule in the gaseous state to form a negative ion

    \[X_{(g)} + e^− \rightarrow X^−_{(g)} + energy\]

    Z Element Name Electron affinity (eV) Electron affinity (kJ/mol)
    1 2D Deuterium 0.754 59(8) 72.807(8)
    1 1H Hydrogen 0.754 195(19) 72.769(2)
    2 He Helium -19.7 -
    3 Li Lithium 0.618 049(2) 59.6327(2)
    4 Be Beryllium -2.4 -
    5 B Boron 0.279 723(24) 26.989(3)
    6 C Carbon 1.262 118(20) 121.776(2)
    7 N Nitrogen -1.4 -
    8 16O Oxygen 1.461 1134(9) 140.9760(1)
    8 17O Oxygen 1.461 108(4) 140.9755(4)
    8 18O Oxygen 1.461 105(3) 140.9752(3)
    9 F Fluorine 3.401 1895(25) 328.1649(3)
    10 Ne Neon - -
    11 Na Sodium 0.547 926(25) 52.867(3)
    12 Mg Magnesium - -
    13 Al Aluminium 0.432 83(5) 41.762(5)
    14 Si Silicon 1.3895210(7) 134.0684(1)
    15 P Phosphorus 0.746 609(9) 72.037(1)
    16 32S Sulfur 2.077 1040(6) 200.4101(1)
    16 34S Sulfur 2.077 1044(12) 200.4101(2)
    17 Cl Chlorine 3.612 724(27) 348.575(3)
    18 Ar Argon -11.5 -
    19 K Potassium 0.501 459(12) 48.383(2)
    20 Ca Calcium 0.024 55(10) 2.37(1)
    21 Sc Scandium 0.188(20) 18(2)
    22 Ti Titanium 0.084(9) 8(1)
    23 V Vanadium 0.526(12) 50.8(12)
    24 Cr Chromium 0.675 84(12) 65.21(2)
    25 Mn Manganese -1 (theoretical) -
    26 Fe Iron 0.151(3) 14.6(3)
    27 Co Cobalt 0.6633(6) 64.00(6)
    28 Ni Nickel 1.157 16(12) 111.65(2)
    29 Cu Copper 1.235 78(4) 119.235(4)
    30 Zn Zinc - -
    31 Ga Gallium 0.43(3) 41(3)
    32 Ge Germanium 1.232 6764(12) 118.9352(2)
    33 As Arsenic 0.8048(2) 77.65(2)
    34 Se Selenium 2.020 6046(11) 194.9587(2)
    35 Br Bromine 3.363 590(3) 324.5371(3)
    36 Kr Krypton - -
    37 Rb Rubidium 0.485 916(20) 46.884(2)
    38 Sr Strontium 0.052 06(6) 5.023(6)
    39 Y Yttrium 0.307(12) 29.6(12)
    40 Zr Zirconium 0.427(14) 41.2(14)
    41 Nb Niobium 0.894(25) 86.3(25)
    42 Mo Molybdenum 0.7473(3) 72.10(3)
    43 Tc Technetium ? -
    44 Ru Ruthenium 1.046 38(25) 100.96(3)
    45 Rh Rhodium 1.142 89(20) 110.27(2)
    46 Pd Palladium 0.562 14(12) 54.24(2)
    47 Ag Silver 1.304 47(3) 125.862(3)
    48 Cd Cadmium - -
    49 In Indium 0.383 92(6) 37.043(6)
    50 Sn Tin 1.112 070(2) 107.2984(2)
    51 Sb Antimony 1.047 401(18) 101.059(2)
    52 Te Tellurium 1.970 876(7) 190.161(1)
    53 I Iodine 3.059 0463(38) 295.1531(4)
    54 Xe Xenon -0.056(10) (theoretical) -
    55 Cs Caesium 0.471 630(25) 45.505(3)
    56 Ba Barium 0.144 62(6) 13.954(6)
    57 La Lanthanum 0.47(2) 45(2)
    58 Ce Cerium 0.57(2) 55(2)
    59 Pr Praseodymium 0.962(24) 93(3)
    60 Nd Neodymium 0.162 (theoretical) -
    61 Pm Promethium 0.129 (theoretical) -
    62 Sm Samarium 0.162 (theoretical) -
    63 Eu Europium 0.116(13) 11(1)
    64 Gd Gadolinium 0.137 (theoretical) -
    65 Tb Terbium 0.436 (theoretical) -
    66 Dy Dysprosium 0.352 (theoretical) -
    67 Ho Holmium 0.338 (theoretical) -
    68 Er Erbium 0.312 (theoretical) -
    69 Tm Thulium 1.029(22) 99(3)
    70 Yb Ytterbium 0.00(3) -
    71 Lu Lutetium 0.346(14) 33.4(15)
    72 Hf Hafnium 0.114 (theoretical) -
    73 Ta Tantalum 0.323(12) 31(2)
    74 W Tungsten 0.816 26(8) 78.76(1)
    75 Re Rhenium 0.15(10) 14(10)
    76 Os Osmium 1.077 80(12) 103.99(2)
    77 Ir Iridium 1.564 36(15) 150.94(2)
    78 Pt Platinum 2.125 10(5) 205.041(5)
    79 Au Gold 2.308 610(25) 222.747(3)
    80 Hg Mercury - -
    81 Tl Thallium 0.377(13) 36.4(14)
    82 Pb Lead 0.364(8) 35(1)
    83 Bi Bismuth 0.942 362(13) 90.924(2)
    84 Po Polonium 1.32(30) (theoretical) -
    85 At Astatine 2.8(2) (theoretical) -
    86 Rn Radon - -
    87 Fr Francium 0.491(5) (theoretical) -
    88 Ra Radium - -
    89 Ac Actinium - -
    90 Th Thorium - -
    91 Pa Protactinium - -
    92 U Uranium - -
    93 Np Neptunium - -
    94 Pu Plutonium - -
    95 Am Americium - -
    96 Cm Curium - -
    97 Bk Berkelium -
    98 Cf Californium - -
    99 Es Einsteinium - -
    100 Fm Fermium - -
    101 Md Mendelevium - -
    102 No Nobelium - -
    103 Lr Lawrencium - -
    104 Rf Rutherfordium - -
    105 Db Dubnium - -
    106 Sg Seaborgium - -
    107 Bh Bohrium - -
    108 Hs Hassium - -
    109 Mt Meitnerium - -
    110 Ds Darmstadtium - -
    111 Rg Roentgenium - -
    112 Cn Copernicium - -
    113 Uut Ununtrium - -
    114 Fl Flerovium - -
    115 Uup Ununpentium - -
    116 Lv Livermorium - -
    117 Uus Ununseptium 2.6 or 1.8 (theoretical) -
    118 Uuo Ununoctium 0.056(10) (theoretical) -
    119 Uue Ununennium 0.662 (theoretical) -
    120 Ubn Unbinilium - -

    Source: R.E. Dickerson, H.B. Gray and G.P. Haight, "Chemical Principles," 3rd edition, Benjamin/Cummings Publishing, 1979.


    A7: Electron Affinities is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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