Silver (Ag) Precipitates and Complexes
- Page ID
- 131425
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Required Training |
Required PPE |
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UC Lab Safety Fundamentals |
Lab coat, safety glasses/goggles, nitrile gloves |
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Equipment |
Chemicals |
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Large evaporating dish |
water |
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Large stir rod |
0.1 M AgNO3 |
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Stir plate |
1 M NaHCO3 |
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Clean white paper for a background |
6 M NaOH |
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1 M NaCl |
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6 M NH4OH |
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1 M KBr |
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1M Na2S2O3 |
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KI |
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Procedure:
- In a medium evaporating dish, mix 100 mL water with 3 mL of 0.1 M AgNO3 and add in the order listed below while stirring:
- Add 5 mL 1 M NaHCO3 (mw=84) forming the white precipitate Ag2CO3
- Add 3 mL 6 M NaOH (mw=40) forming the brown precipitate Ag2O
- Add 1 mL 1 M NaCl (mw=58) forming the white precipitate AgCl
- Add 3 mL 6 M NH4OH (mw=35) forming a clear solution
- Add 0.5 mL 1 M KBr (mw=119) forming a white to light yellow precipitate AgBr
- Add 1 mL 1M Na2S2O3 (mw=248) forming a clear solution
- Add 0.5 mL fresh, colorless KI (mw=166) to form a yellow precipitate AgI
Hazards:
Dispose of chemicals promptly to avoid a detonation/explosion hazard. Silver nitrate can stain skin black for days—If any solutions, especially the 6M bases, are spilled on one's self, wash the affected area for at least 15 minutes.
Discussion:
A precipitation reaction occurs when a precipitant causes a chemical to fall out of solution. The remaining solution is called a supernate or supernatant. A very important stage in precipitation is the onset of nucleation. The creation of a solid particle includes the formation of a solid-solution interface, which requires energy based on the relative surface energy of the solid and the solution. If this energy is not available, and not a nucleation site available, supersaturation occurs.
SOP: 
Acutely Toxic Material – Silver Nitrate
Corrosive: Ammonium Hydroxide, Silver Nitrate, Sodium Hydroxide
Strong Oxidizer – Silver Nitrate
Disposal (by Storeroom):
This demo requires special waste disposal. Bring to storeroom for proper disposal