6.6: Los verbos similares a "gustar"
- Page ID
- 460186
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)
\( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)
\( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Verbs like "gustar"
In section 2.4.0 you learned how to express likes and dislikes using the verb "gustar"(to please). Use "gustar" with infinitive verbs to express what people like or dislike to do. Use "gustar" followed by a noun for things that people like or dislike.
What you have learned about "gustar"?
Remember that to express likes in Spanish using "gustar", we will have to invert the subject pronoun and the direct object:
- The "someone" doing the action of liking is now receiving the action of being pleased.
- The "something" being liked is now doing the action of pleasing.
- The following chart shows the change of the "someone" as subject pronoun (crossed out) to "someone" as the receiver of the action (indirect object pronoun=IOP).
- The clarifier is the indirect object (IO). It clarifies who the IOP refers to.
(In the chart below, all words in blue reflect the replacement of the normal subject pronouns that are now the IOP and the clarifier (IO)).
subject pronoun | IOP | clarifier | subject pronoun | IOP | clarifier |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
→ me | = a mí | → nos | = a nosotros/as | ||
→ te | = a ti | → os | = a vosotros/as | ||
→ le | = a usted | → les | = a ustedes | ||
→ le | = a él | → les | = a ellos | ||
→ le | = a ella | → les | = a ellas |
- The indirect object nouns (a + prepositional pronoun/noun) are added to emphasize or clarify who it is pleasing to.
- You will only use the verb "gustar" in the 3rd person singular or plural: "gusta" or "gustan". Remember the following formula:
- IOP+ gusta + subject pronoun that are infinitive verbs (this formula can be used when "gustar" is followed by just one verb or when it is followed by a list of verbs).
- IOP+ gusta + subject pronoun that is a singular noun.
- IOP+ gustan + subject pronoun that are plural nouns.
Ejemplos
Review the use of "gusta" (singular form) and "gustan" (plural form) in the examples below.
With verbs:
clarifier | IOP | verb | subject pronoun (verb) | clarifier | IOP | verb | subject pronoun (verb) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A mí | me | gusta | estudiar español. | A nosotros, a nosotras | nos | gusta | ver la tele. |
A ti | te | gusta | ir a las tiendas y comprar ropa. | A vosotros, a vosotras | os | gusta | escalar montañas. |
A Ud., a él, a ella | le | gusta | nadar y practicar deportes. | A Uds., a ellos, a ellas | les | gusta | ir al cine y comer hamburguesas. |
With singular nouns:
clarifier | IOP | verb | subject pronoun (sing. noun) | clarifier | IOP | verb | subject pronoun (sing. noun) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A mí | me | gusta | esta clase. | A nosotros, a nosotras | nos | gusta | el fútbol. |
A ti | te | gusta | el perro. | A vosotros, a vosotras | os | gusta | la telenovela Corazón Salvaje. |
A Ud., a él, a ella | le | gusta | la hamburguesa. | A Uds,, a ellos, a ellas | les | gusta | la ropa cómoda. |
With plural nouns:
clarifier | IOP | verb | subject pronoun (pl. nouns) | clarifier | IOP | verb | subject pronoun (pl. nouns) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A mí | me | gustan | estas clases. | A nosotros, a nosotras | nos | gustan | las empanadas de queso y jamón. |
A ti | te | gustan | los chocolates de leche. | A vosotros, a vosotras | os | gustan | los programas de Friends y de The Office. |
A Ud., a él, a ella | le | gustan | los perros y los gatos. | A Uds., a ellos, a ellas | les | gustan | las hamburguesas con las papas fritas. |
To express dislike, the negative word “no” is placed before the indirect object pronouns. Review the examples paying special attention to the placement of the word "no" in blue.
clarifier | no | IOP | verb | subject pronoun | clarifier | no | IOP | verb | subject pronoun |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A Elsa | no | le | gusta | estudiar. | A ellos | no | les | gusta | la música Reggaetón. |
A ti | no | te | gusta | ir a las tiendas y comprar ropa. | A nosotros | no | nos | gusta | cantar. |
A mí | no | me | gustan | las matemáticas. | A vosotros | no | os | gustan | los problemas. |
Verbs like "gustar"
The following verbs (below) are conjugated like the verb "gustar". These verbs have two forms: 3rd person singular and 3rd person plural (either present or preterite tense) and they use indirect object pronouns (me, te, le, nos, os, les). In the chart below, verbs that are conjugated like "gustar" are in bold.
Verb | English | Present tense | Preterite tense |
---|---|---|---|
aburrir | To bore | aburre, aburren | aburrió, aburrieron |
encantar | To like a lot, to love (inanimate objects) | encanta, encantan | encantó, encantaron |
faltar | To be lacking, to be missing | falta, faltan | faltó, faltaron |
fascinar | To fascinate, to like very much | fascina, fascinan | fascinó, fascinaron |
importar | To be important to, to matter to, to mind | importa, importan | importó, importaron |
interesar | To interest, to be interesting to | interesa, interesan | interesó, interesaron |
molestar | To bother | molesta, molestan | molestó, molestaron |
quedar | To have left, to fit (clothing) | queda, quedan | quedó, quedaron |
Ejemplos
- A Keiko le fascinan las matemáticas.
- Nos importa llegar a tiempo al trabajo y a la universidad.
- A los niños les interesan los dulces.
- A ti y a mí nos faltó una clase para graduarnos.
- A Carlos le quedan cinco dólares en su cartera.
- A ti te molesta la gente grosera.
- A vosotros os aburrió estar en casa todo el día.
- ¡Me encantan las pinturas de Monet!
"Monet, Impression, Sunrise'" by Joaquín Martínez Rosado is licensed under CC BY 2.0