2: Libcamera and rpicam
- Page ID
- 432388
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With the advent of the Bookworm Pi OS the libcamera application was renamed to rpicam. Right now libcamera commands will still work, but the will be deprecated and so it is best to code forward with rpicam commands. We will predominantly work with two image encoders, jpeg for still images and h.264 for video.
The following material relates to the Bullseye operating system and uses libcamera. If you are using Buster or wish to use the Raspicam legacy interface, go to section 1.3.7 of the 2020 class. The following video and this article from Core Electronics , How to use of Raspberry Pi Cameras with Bulleseye OS Update are a good place to start.
Video
For a complete overview of the librecamera go to Raspberry Pi Camera Software Documentation
Libcamera
Preview
libcamera-hello - gives a 5 second view of what the camera sees
libcamera-hello
To flip vertically or horizontally use the following switches
--vflip --hflip
to find options use the help switch
libcamera-jpeg -h
To run the camera for a time in milliseconds, use -t followed by the time in milliseconds
libcamera-hello -t 8000 libcamera-hello --vflip -t 8000
To run the camera indefinitely, until you terminate the command (<ctrl>c) or close the window, set the time to zero.
libcamera-hello -t 0
Still Picture
When you take a picture you need to define a path for where the picture will be stored. If you do not do that, it will be stored in whatever directory the command line is operating in. You should think about your project and where you want to keep images, and keep them in a folder that is within your user directory (/home/username/....).
The following code will give a 5 second preview and then save a file. NOTE: you need to set the path to a folder on your pi. the -o stands for output (file)
libcamera-jpeg -o /home/user/path/test1.jpeg libcamera-jpeg --vflip -o /home/user/path/test2.jpeg --vflip
To change the delay time use -t with time in milliseconds
libcamera-jpeg --vflip -o /home/user/path/test3.jpeg -t 100 libcamera-jpeg --vflip -o /home/user/path/test4.jpeg -t 100 --width 640 --height 480
Libcamera-still allows you to save in different formats through the equivalency switch (-e)
libcamera-still -e png -o /home/user/path//FirstPNGphoto.png
Video
Here you are making a 5 second video and storing it in the Videos directory. the .h264 makes an mp4 video.
libcamera-vid -t 10000 -o /home/ /path/video.h264 --vflip
to find help options try the -h switch
libcamera-vid -h
time lapse
libcamera-still --vflip -t 60000 -o test%d.jpg --timelapse 10000
ffmpeg -framerate 1 -i test%d.jpg -c:v libx264 -r 30 output.mp4
Note, you can not view the video over VNC viewer as it is too slow