3: Chapter 3 - Atomic Structure
- Page ID
- 367286
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- 3.1: Atomic Theory
- Atoms are the ultimate building blocks of all matter. The modern atomic theory establishes the concepts of atoms and how they compose matter.
- 3.2: Elements and Atomic Number
- Atoms are composed of three main subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are grouped together in the nucleus of an atom, while electrons orbit about the nucleus.
- 3.3: Isotopes and Atomic Weights
- Elements can be identified by their atomic number and mass number. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different masses. Atoms have a mass that is based largely on the number of protons and neutrons in their nucleus.
- 3.4: Masses of Atoms and Molecules
- The atomic mass unit (u) is a unit that describes the masses of individual atoms and molecules. The atomic mass is the weighted average of the masses of all isotopes of an element. The molecular mass is the sum of the masses of the atoms in a molecule.
- 3.5: Moles and Molar Masses
- The mole is a key unit in chemistry. The molar mass of a substance, in grams, is numerically equal to one atom's or molecule's mass in atomic mass units.
- 3.6: Periodic Table
- The chemical elements are arranged in a chart called the periodic table. Some characteristics of the elements are related to their position on the periodic table.
- 3.7: Electrons and Valence Shells
- Arrangement of electrons in the atom