|
Water Density (kg/m
3
) at Different Temperatures (°C)
|
|
Temperature
1
|
Density
|
|
0
|
999.8395
|
|
4
|
999.9720 (density maximum)
|
|
10
|
999.7026
|
|
15
|
999.1026
|
|
20
|
998.2071
|
|
22
|
997.7735
|
|
25
|
997.0479
|
|
30
|
995.6502
|
|
40
|
992.2
|
|
60
|
983.2
|
|
80
|
971.8
|
|
100
|
958.4
|
|
Water Vapor Pressure at Different Temperatures (°C)
|
|
Temperature
|
Vapor Pressure (torr)
|
Vapor Pressure (Pa)
|
|
0
|
4.6
|
613.2812
|
|
4
|
6.1
|
813.2642
|
|
10
|
9.2
|
1226.562
|
|
15
|
12.8
|
1706.522
|
|
20
|
17.5
|
2333.135
|
|
22
|
19.8
|
2639.776
|
|
25
|
23.8
|
3173.064
|
|
30
|
31.8
|
4239.64
|
|
35
|
42.2
|
5626.188
|
|
40
|
55.3
|
7372.707
|
|
45
|
71.9
|
9585.852
|
|
50
|
92.5
|
12332.29
|
|
55
|
118.0
|
15732
|
|
60
|
149.4
|
19918.31
|
|
65
|
187.5
|
24997.88
|
|
70
|
233.7
|
31157.35
|
|
75
|
289.1
|
38543.39
|
|
80
|
355.1
|
47342.64
|
|
85
|
433.6
|
57808.42
|
|
90
|
525.8
|
70100.71
|
|
95
|
633.9
|
84512.82
|
|
100
|
760.0
|
101324.7
|
|
Water K
w
and pK
w
at Different Temperatures (°C)
|
|
Temperature
|
K
w
10
–14
|
pK
w
2
|
|
0
|
0.112
|
14.95
|
|
5
|
0.182
|
14.74
|
|
10
|
0.288
|
14.54
|
|
15
|
0.465
|
14.33
|
|
20
|
0.671
|
14.17
|
|
25
|
0.991
|
14.00
|
|
30
|
1.432
|
13.84
|
|
35
|
2.042
|
13.69
|
|
40
|
2.851
|
13.55
|
|
45
|
3.917
|
13.41
|
|
50
|
5.297
|
13.28
|
|
55
|
7.080
|
13.15
|
|
60
|
9.311
|
13.03
|
|
75
|
19.95
|
12.70
|
|
100
|
56.23
|
12.25
|
|
Specific Heat Capacity for Water
|
|
C°(H
2
O(
l
)) = 4184 J∙K
−1
∙kg
−1
= 4.184 J∙g
-1
∙°C
-1
|
|
C°(H
2
O(
s
)) = 1864 J∙K
−1
∙kg
−1
|
|
C°(H
2
O(
g
)) = 2093 J∙K
−1
∙kg
−1
|
|
Standard Water Melting and Boiling Temperatures and Enthalpies of the Transitions
|
|
|
Temperature (K)
|
Δ
H
(kJ/mol)
|
|
melting
|
273.15
|
6.088
|
|
boiling
|
373.15
|
40.656 (44.016 at 298 K)
|
|
Water Cryoscopic (Freezing Point Depression) and Ebullioscopic (Boiling Point Elevation) Constants
|
|
K
f
= 1.86°C∙kg∙mol
−1
(cryoscopic constant)
|
|
K
b
= 0.51°C∙kg∙mol
−1
(ebullioscopic constant)
|
<figure class="ui-has-child-figcaption" id="CNX_Chem_00_EE_LiqWatAbso">
<figcaption>Water full-range spectral absorption curve. This curve shows the full-range spectral absorption for water. The
y
-axis signifies the absorption in 1/cm. If we divide 1 by this value, we will obtain the length of the path (in cm) after which the intensity of a light beam passing through water decays by a factor of the base of the natural logarithm e (e = 2.718281828).</figcaption> </figure>
-
1
Data for t < 0 °C are for supercooled water
-
2
pK
w
= –log
10
(K
w
)