Answers
1. Evaporation occurs when a liquid becomes a gas at temperatures below that liquid’s boiling point, whereas boiling is the conversion of a liquid to a gas at the liquid’s boiling point.
3. the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is 760 torr
9.Surface tension is an imbalance of attractive forces between liquid molecules at the surface of a liquid.
11. Adhesion must be greater than cohesion.
- What is the difference between a crystalline solid and an amorphous solid?
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What two properties do solids have in common? What two properties of solids can vary?
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Explain how the bonding in an ionic solid explains some of the properties of these solids.
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Explain how the bonding in a molecular solid explains some of the properties of these solids.
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Explain how the bonding in a covalent network solid explains some of the properties of these solids.
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Explain how the bonding in a metallic solid explains some of the properties of these solids.
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Which type(s) of solid has/have high melting points?
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Which type(s) of solid conduct(s) electricity in their solid state? In their liquid state?
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Which type of solid(s) is/are considered relatively soft?
- Which type of solid(s) is/are considered very hard?
- Predict the type of solid exhibited by each substance.
- Hg
- PH3
- CaF2
- Predict the type of solid exhibited by each substance.
- (CH2)n (polyethylene, a form of plastic)
- PCl3
- NH4Cl
- Predict the type of solid exhibited by each substance.
- SO3
- Br2
- Na2SO3
- Predict the type of solid exhibited by each substance.
- BN (boron nitride, a diamond-like compound)
- B2O3
- NaBF4
- Predict the type of solid exhibited by each substance.
- H2S
- Si
- CsF
- Predict the type of solid exhibited by each substance.
- Co
- CO
- CaCO3
Answers
1. At the atomic level, a crystalline solid has a regular arrangement of atoms, whereas an amorphous solid has a random arrangement of atoms.
3. The oppositely charged ions are very strongly held together, so ionic crystals have high melting points. Ionic crystals are also brittle because any distortion of the crystal moves same-charged ions closer to each other, so they repel.
5. The covalent network solid is essentially one molecule, making it very hard and giving it a very high melting point.
7. ionic solids, covalent network solids
9. molecular solids
11.
- metallic
- molecular solid
- ionic crystal
13.
- molecular solid
- molecular solid
- ionic crystal
15.
- molecular solid
- molecular solid
- ionic crystal