9: Aqueous Solutions
- Page ID
- 409045
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Solutions were introduced in an earlier chapter as the mixture in which the substances involved are mixed at the molecular level. There was also a discussion about how solutions form based on the intermolecular forces that occur between solvent and solute particles. These ideas about solutions are important to understand as we move forward in this chapter to focus on a particular type of solution which is both very common and very important: aqueous solutions.
- 9.1: Solutions - Homogeneous Mixtures
- There are two types of mixtures: mixtures in which the substances are evenly mixed together (called a homogenous mixture, or solution) and a mixture in which the substances are not evenly mixed (called a heterogeneous mixture). When a solution, or homogenous mixture, is said to have uniform properties throughout, the definition is referring to properties at the particle level.
- 9.3: Measures of Concentration
- To define a solution precisely, we need to state its concentration: how much solute is dissolved in a certain amount of solvent. Words such as "dilute" or "concentrated" are used to describe solutions that have a little or a lot of dissolved solute, respectively. However "dilute" and "concentrated" are relative terms, and have meanings dependent on various factors. The mass/mass percent (% m/m) is defined as the mass of a solute divided by the mass of a solution times 100.
- 9.E: Solutions (Exercises)
- These are exercises and select solutions to accompany this chapter.