Colorado State University
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- Chem 474: Physical Chemistry I (Levinger)
- Chapters
- Group Work Activities
- Group Work 1: Separation of Variables
- Group Work 2: Operators & Eigenvalues
- Group Work 3: Operators
- Group Work 4: Particle in a Box Probability
- Group Work 5: Harmonic Oscillator
- Group Work 6: Rigid Rotor
- Group Work 7: Angular Momentum
- Group Work 8: Hydrogen Atom
- Variation Approximation for the Harmonic Oscillator I (Worksheet)
- Group Work 10: Variation Approximation II
- Group Work 11: Electron wavefunctions
- Group Work 12: \(H_2^+\) the simplest molecule
- Group Work 13: Hybrid Orbitals
- Study Sessions
- Chem 476: Physical Chemistry II (Levinger)
- Chapters
- 10: Bonding in Polyatomic Molecules
- 11: Computational Quantum Chemistry
- 12: Group Theory: Exploiting Symmetry
- 12.1: Using Symmetry to Simplify Calculations
- 12.2: The Symmetry of Molecules
- 12.3: Symmetry Operations Define Groups
- 12.4: Symmetry Operations can be Represented by Matrices
- 12.5: The \(C_{3V}\) Point Group Has a 2-D Irreducible Representation
- 12.6: Character Tables
- 12.7: Relations involving Characters
- 12.8: Using Symmetry to Predict Zero in a Secular Determinant
- 12.9: Generating Operators for Irreducible Representations
- 13: Molecular Spectroscopy
- 13.1: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
- 13.2: Rotational Transitions Accompany Vibrational Transitions
- 13.3: The Vibration-Rotation Spectrum
- 13.4: The Pure Rotational Spectrum has Unequal Spacings
- 13.5: Vibrational Overtones
- 13.6: Electronic Spectra Contain Electronic, Vibrational, and Rotational Information
- 13.7: The Franck-Condon Principle
- 13.8: Rotational Spectra of Polyatomic Molecules
- 13.9: Normal Modes in Polyatomic Molecules
- 13.10: Irreducible Representation of Point Groups
- 13.11: Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory
- 13.12: The Selection Rule for the Rigid Rotator
- 13.13: The Harmonic Oscillator Selection Rule
- 13.14: Group Theory Determines Infrared Activity
- 13.E: Exercises
- 14: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- 14.1: Nuclei Have Intrinsic Spin Angular Momenta
- 14.2: Magnetic Moments Interact with Magnetic Fields
- 14.3: Proton NMR Spectrometers Operate at Frequencies Between 60 MHz and 750 MHz
- 14.4: The Magnetic Field Acting upon Nuclei in Molecules Is Shielded
- 14.5: Chemical Shifts is Sensitive to Chemical Environment of the Nucleus
- 14.6: Spin-Spin Coupling Results in Multiplets in NMR Spectra
- 14.7: Spin-Spin Coupling Between Chemically Equivalent Protons Is Not Observed
- 14.8: The n+1 Rule Applies Only to First-Order Spectra
- 14.9: Second-Order Spectra Can Be Calculated Exactly Using the Variational Method
- 15: Lasers, Laser Spectroscopy, and Photochemistry
- 15.1: Electronically Excited Molecules
- 15.2: Transitions Modeled as Kinetics
- 15.3: Two-Level Systems Cannot Form Population Inversions
- 15.4: Population Inversion via Three-Level Systems
- 15.5: Laser Fundamentals
- 15.6: The Helium-Neon Laser
- 15.7: High-Resolution Laser Spectroscopy
- 15.8: Photochemical Dynamics
- 16: The Properties of Gases
- 16.1: All Dilute Gases Behave Ideally
- 16.2: van der Waals and Redlich-Kwong Equations
- 16.3: A Cubic Equation of State
- 16.4: The Law of Corresponding States
- 16.5: The Second Virial Coefficient
- 16.6: The Repulsive Term in the Lennard-Jones Potential
- 16.7: Van der Waals Constants in Terms of Molecular Parameters
- 16.E: Exercises
- 17: Boltzmann Factor and Partition Functions
- 17.1: The Boltzmann Factor Is One of the Most Important Quantities in the Physical Sciences
- 17.2: The Thermal Boltzman Distribution
- 17.3: We Postulate That the Average Ensemble Energy Is Equal to the Observed Energy of a System
- 17.4: The Heat Capacity at Constant Volume
- 17.5: Express the Pressure in Terms of a Partition Function
- 17.6: Partition Functions of Systems of Distinguishable Molecules are Products of Molecular Partition Functions
- 17.7: Partition Function of Indistinguishable Components
- 17.8: A Molecular Partition Function Can Be Decomposed into Partition Functions for Each Degree of Freedom
- 17.E: Exercises
- 18: Partition Functions and Ideal Gases
- 18.1: The Translational Partition Function of a Monatomic Ideal Gas
- 18.2: Most Atoms Are in the Ground Electronic State at Room Temperature
- 18.3: The Energy of a Diatomic Molecule Can Be Approximated as a Sum of Separate Terms
- 18.4: Most Molecules Are in the Ground Vibrational State at Room Temperature
- 18.5: Most Molecules Are in Excited Rotational States at Ordinary Temperatures
- 18.6: Rotational Partition Functions Contain a Symmetry Number
- 18.7: The Vibrational Partition Function
- 18.8: The Rotational Partition Function Depends on the Shape of the Molecule
- 18.9: Molar Heat Capacities
- 18.E: Exercises
- Group Work Activities
- Groupwork 10 Phase equilibria
- Groupwork 11 Ideal and nonideal systems
- Groupwork 12 Chemical Equilibrium - extent of reaction
- Groupwork 12 Kinetics 1
- Groupwork 13 Kinetics 2
- Groupwork 1 Properties of Gases
- Groupwork 2 Translational Partition Functions
- Groupwork 3 Rotational Temperatures
- Groupwork 4 Path vs. state functions
- Groupwork 5 Adiabatic Cooling
- Groupwork 6 Enthalpy
- Groupwork 7 Reversibility
- Groupwork 8 Maxwell Relations
- Groupwork 9 Gibbs Helmholtz and Maxwell Relations
- Chapters