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8.1: Orbitals Do Not Provide the Complete Picture; Their Occupancy By the N Electrons Must Be Specified

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  • Page ID
    62619
    • Jack Simons and Jeff Nichols
    • University of Utah and Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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    Knowing the orbitals of a particular species provides one information about the sizes, shapes, directions, symmetries, and energies of those regions of space that are available to the electrons (i.e., the complete set of orbitals that are available). This knowledge does not determine into which orbitals the electrons are placed. It is by describing the electronic configurations (i.e., orbital occupancies such as \(1s^22s^22p^2\) or \(1s^22s^22p^13s^1\)) appropriate to the energy range under study that one focuses on how the electrons occupy the orbitals. Moreover, a given configuration may give rise to several energy levels whose energies differ by chemically important amounts. for example, the \(1s^22s^22p^2\) configuration of the Carbon atom produces nine degenerate \(^3P \text{ states, five degenerate } ^1D \text{ states, and a single } ^1S \) state. These three energy levels differ in energy by 1.5 eV and 1.2 eV, respectively.

    This page titled 8.1: Orbitals Do Not Provide the Complete Picture; Their Occupancy By the N Electrons Must Be Specified was last modified on Fri, 28 Apr 2023 07:39:44 GMT and is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Jack Simons and Jeff Nichols via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.