8.18: Summary of Reactions
- Page ID
- 459893
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No stereochemistry is implied unless specifically indicated with wedged, solid, and dashed lines.
- Addition reactions of alkenes
- Addition of HCl, HBr, and HI (Section 7.7 and Section 7.8)
Markovnikov regiochemistry occurs, with H adding to the less highly substituted alkene carbon and halogen adding to the more highly substituted carbon.
- Addition of HCl, HBr, and HI (Section 7.7 and Section 7.8)
- Addition of halogens Cl2 and Br2 (Section 8.2)
Anti addition is observed through a halonium ion intermediate. - Halohydrin formation (Section 8.3)
Markovnikov regiochemistry and anti stereochemistry occur. - Addition of water by oxymercuration–demercuration (Section 8.4)
Markovnikov regiochemistry occurs. - Addition of water by hydroboration–oxidation (Section 8.5)
Non-Markovnikov syn addition occurs. - Catalytic hydrogenation (Section 8.6)
Syn addition occurs. - Epoxidation with a peroxyacid (Section 8.7)
Syn addition occurs. - Hydroxylation with OsO4 (Section 8.7)
Syn addition occurs. - Addition of carbenes to yield cyclopropanes (Section 8.9)
(1) Dichlorocarbene addition
(2) Simmons–Smith reaction
- Hydroxylation by acid-catalyzed epoxide hydrolysis (Section 8.7)
Anti stereochemistry occurs. - Oxidative cleavage of alkenes (Section 8.8)
- Reaction with ozone followed by zinc in acetic acid
- Reaction with KMnO4 in acidic solution
- Cleavage of 1,2-diols (Section 8.8)