Loading [MathJax]/jax/output/HTML-CSS/jax.js
Skip to main content
Library homepage
 

Text Color

Text Size

 

Margin Size

 

Font Type

Enable Dyslexic Font
Chemistry LibreTexts

T3: Bond Energies

( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)

The following tables list experimental bond dissociation enthalpies of common bonds at 298 K.

R-H bonds

Inorganics
Bond ΔH298(kcal.mol-1) ΔH298
(kJ.mol-1)
H-H 104.2 436.0
H-F 136.3 570.3
H-Cl 103.2 431.8
H-Br 87.5 366.1
H-I 71.3 298.3
H-CN 126.3 528.4
H-NH2 107.6 450.2
H-OH 118.8 497.1
H-SH 91.2 381.6
H-NO 49.5 207.1
H-ONO (trans) 79.1 331.0
H-ONO2 101.7 425.5
H-SiH3 91.7 383.7
H-GeH3 83 347
Hydrocarbons
Bond ΔH298(kcal.mol-1) ΔH298
(kJ.mol-1)
CH3-H 105.0 439.3
CH3CH2-H 101.1 423.0
(CH3)2CH-H 98.6 412.5
CH3CH2(CH3)CH-H 98.2 410.9
(CH3)3C-H 96.5 403.8
CH2CH-H 110.7 463.2
CH2CHCH2-H 88.8 371.5
(CH2CH)2CH-H 76.4 319.7
HCC-H 133.3 557.7
C6H5-H 112.9 472.4
C6H5CH2-H 89.8 375.7
C5H5-H 79.9 334.3
c-C3H5-H 105.7 442.2
c-C4H7-H 95.6 400.0
c-C5H9-H 93.0 389.1
c-C6H11-H 95.6 400.0
c-C7H13-H 93.4 390.8
- - -
Halides
Bond ΔH298(kcal.mol-1) ΔH298
(kJ.mol-1)
H-CH2F 101.3 423.8
H-CH2Cl 99.5 416.3
H-CH2Br 101.6 425.1
H-CF3 106.7 446.4
H-CCl3 95.8 400.8
H-CBr3 96.0 401.7
Alcohols
Bond ΔH298(kcal.mol-1) ΔH298
(kJ.mol-1)
CH3O-H 104.6 437.6
H-CH2OH 96.1 402.1
CH3CH2O-H 104.7 438.1
(CH3)2CHO-H 105.7 442.2
(CH3)3CO-H 106.3 444.8
C6H5O-H 90 377
Peroxides
Bond ΔH298(kcal.mol-1) ΔH298
(kJ.mol-1)
HOO-H 87.8 367.4
CH3OO-H 88 368
CH3CH2OO-H 85 356
(CH3)3COO-H 84 351
Carbonyls
Bond ΔH298(kcal.mol-1) ΔH298
(kJ.mol-1)
HC(O)-H 88.1 368.6
CH3C(O)-H 89.4 374.0
H-CH2CHO 94 393
C6H5C(O)-H 88.9 372.0
HCOO-H 112 469
H-COOH ≥96 402
CH3COO-H 112 469
H-CH2COOH 96 402
C6H5COO-H 111 464
Others
Bond ΔH298(kcal.mol-1) ΔH298
(kJ.mol-1)
CH3S-H 87.4 365.7
H-CH2SH 94 393
H-CH2SO2Me 99.0 414.2
H-CH2NH2 92.2 385.8
H-CH2CN 93.4 390.8
CH3CH2O-CH3 81 339
  1. Blanksby, S. J.; Ellison, G. B. Acc. Chem. Res. 2003, 36 , 255.
  2. Feng, Y.; Huang, H.; Liu, L.; Guo, Q.-X. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2003, 5, 685.
  3. Zavitsas, A. A. J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 897.
  4. McGivern, S. W.; Derecskei-Kovacs, A.; North, S. W.; Francisco, J. S. J. Phys Chem. A 2000, 104, 436.
  5. Jursic, B. S. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1999, 2, 369.
  6. Verevkin, S. P.; Krashnykh, E. L.; Wright, J. S. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2003, 5, 2605.
Enthalpy Change, Single Bonds (first half)
Single Bonds ΔH°*
H–H 104.2
C–C 83
N–N 38.4
O–O 35
F–F 36.6
Si–Si 52
P–P 50
S–S 54
Cl–Cl 58
Br–Br 46
I–I 36.
H–C 99
H–N 93
H–O 111
H–F 135
H–Cl 103
H–Br 87.5
H–I 71
H–B 90
H–S 81
H–Si 75
H–P 77
Enthalpy Change, Single Bonds (second half)
Single Bonds ΔH°*
B–F 150
B–O 125
C–N 73
N–CO 86
C–O 85.5
O–CO 110
C–S 65
C–F 116
C–Cl 81
C–Br 68
C–I 51
C–B 90
C–Si 76
C–P 70
N–O 55
S–O 87
Si–F 135
Si–Cl 90
Si–O 110
P–Cl 79
P–Br 65
P–O 90
Enthalpy Change, Multiple Bonds
Multiple Bonds ΔH°*
C=C 146
N=N 109
O=O 119
C=N 147
C=O (CO2) 192
C=O (aldehyde) 177
C=O (ketone) 178
C=O (ester) 179
C=O (amide) 179
C=O (halide) 177
C=S (CS2) 138
N=O (HONO) 143
P=O (POCl3) 110
P=S (PSCl3) 70
S=O (SO2) 128
S=O (DMSO) 93
P=P 84
P≡P 117
C≡O 258
C≡C 200
N≡N 226
C≡N 213
Bond Dissociation Energies
atom or
group
methyl ethyl i-propyl t-butyl phenyl benzyl allyl acetyl vinyl
H 103 98 95 93 110 85 88 87 112
F 110 110 109 - 124 94 - 119 -
Cl 85 82 81 80 95 68 70 82 90
Br 71 70 69 66 79 55 56 68 80
I 57 54 54 51 64 40 42 51 -
OH 93 94 92 91 111 79 82 107 -
NH2 87 87 86 85 104 72 75 95 -
CN 116 114 112 - 128 100 - - 128
CH3 88 85 84 81 101 73 75 81 98
C2H5 85 82 81 78 99 71 72 78 95
(CH3)2CH 84 81 79 74 97 70 71 76 93
(CH3)3C 81 78 74 68 94 67 67 - 89
C6H5 101 99 97 94 110 83 87 93 108
C6H5CH2 73 71 70 67 83 59 59 63 81

Many of the bond energies listed here were taken from the following sources:

  • R.T.Sanderson, Polar Covalence, 1983
  • R.T.Sanderson, Chemical Bonds and Bond Energy, 1976

William Reusch, Professor Emeritus (Michigan State U.), Virtual Textbook of Organic Chemistry

Template:HideTOC


T3: Bond Energies is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

Support Center

How can we help?