S2: Properties of Water
- Page ID
- 9069
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)
\( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)
\( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)| Density: |
|---|
| 0.99984 g/cm3 at 0°C |
| 0.99970 g/cm3 at 10°C |
| 0.99821 g/cm3 at 20°C |
| 0.98803 g/cm3 at 50°C |
| 0.95840 g/cm3 at 100°C |
| Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization: |
|---|
| 45.054 kJ/mol at 0°C |
| 43.990 kJ/mol at 25°C |
| 42.482 kJ/mol at 60°C |
| 40.657 kJ/mol at 100°C |
| Surface tension: |
|---|
| 74.23 J/m2 at 10°C |
| 71.99 J/m2 at 25°C |
| 67.94 J/m2 at 50°C |
| 58.91 J/m2 at 100°C |
| Viscosity: |
|---|
| 1.793 mPa ⋅ s at 0°C |
| 0.890 mPa_s at 25°C |
| 0.547 mPa_s at 50°C |
| 0.282 mPa_s at 100°C |
| Ion-product constant,Kw: |
|---|
| 1.15 × 10−15 at 0°C |
| 1.01 × 10−14 at 25°C |
| 5.31 × 10−14 at 50°C |
| 5.43 × 10−13 at 100°C |
| Specific heat (Cs): |
|---|
| 4.2176 J/(g-°C) at 0°C |
| 4.1818 J/(g-°C) at 20°C |
| 4.1806 J/(g-°C) at 50°C |
| 4.2159 J/(g-°C) at 100°C |
| T(°C) | P(kPa) | T(°C) | P(kPa) | T(°C) | P(kPa) | T(°C) | P(kPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.61129 | 30 | 4.2455 | 60 | 19.932 | 90 | 70.117 |
| 5 | 0.87260 | 35 | 5.6267 | 65 | 25.022 | 95 | 84.529 |
| 10 | 1.2281 | 40 | 7.3814 | 70 | 31.176 | 100 | 101.32 |
| 15 | 1.7056 | 45 | 9.5898 | 75 | 38.563 | 105 | 120.79 |
| 20 | 2.3388 | 50 | 12.344 | 80 | 47.373 | 110 | 143.24 |
| 25 | 3.1690 | 55 | 15.752 | 85 | 57.815 | 115 | 169.02 |
| T(°C) | P(mmHg) | T(°C) | P(mmHg) | T(°C) | P(mmHg) | T(°C) | P(mmHg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 4.585 | 30 | 31.844 | 60 | 149.50 | 90 | 525.91 |
| 5 | 6.545 | 35 | 42.203 | 65 | 187.68 | 95 | 634.01 |
| 10 | 9.211 | 40 | 55.364 | 70 | 233.84 | 100 | 759.95 |
| 15 | 12.793 | 45 | 71.929 | 75 | 289.24 | 105 | 905.99 |
| 20 | 17.542 | 50 | 92.59 | 80 | 355.32 | 110 | 1074.38 |
| 25 | 23.769 | 55 | 118.15 | 85 | 433.64 | 115 | 1267.74 |
Source of data: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition (2004).