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Appendix 08: Recommended Primary Standards

Last updated

Nov 3, 2020
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- Appendix 07: Critical Values for Grubb’s Test
- Appendix 09: Correcting Mass for the Buoyancy of Air

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All compounds should be of the highest available purity. Metals should be cleaned with dilute acid to remove any surface impurities and rinsed with distilled water. Unless otherwise indicated, compounds should be dried to a constant weight at 110^oC. Most of these compounds are soluble in dilute acid (1:1 HCl or 1:1 HNO₃), with gentle heating if necessary; some of the compounds are water soluble.

Element	Compound	FW (g/mol)	Comments
aluminum	Al metal	26.982	-
antimony	Sb metal	121.760	-
-	KSbOC₄H₄O₆	324.92	prepared by drying KSbC₄H₄O₆•1/2H₂O at 110^oC and storing in a desiccator
arsenic	As metal	74.922	-
-	As₂O₃	197.84	toxic
barium	BaCO₃	197.84	dry at 200 ^oC for 4 h
bismuth	Bi metal	208.98	-
boron	H₃BO₃	61.83	do not dry
bromine	KBr	119.01	-
cadmium	Cd metal	112.411	-
-	CdO	128.40	-
calcium	CaCO₃	100.09	-
cerium	Ce metal	140.116	-
-	(NH₄)₂Ce(NO₃)₄	548.23	-
cesium	Cs₂CO₃	325.82	-
-	Cs₂SO₄	361.87	-
chlorine	NaCl	58.44	-
chromium	Cr metal	51.996	-
-	K₂Cr₂O₇	294.19	-
cobalt	Co metal	58.933	-
copper	Cu metal	63.546	-
-	CuO	79.54	-
fluorine	NaF	41.99	do not store solutions in glass containers
iodine	KI	166.00	-
-	KIO₃	214.00	-
iron	Fe metal	55.845	-
lead	Pb metal	207.2	-
lithium	Li₂CO₃	73.89	-
magnesium	Mg metal	24.305	-
mercury	Hg metal	200.59	-
molybdenum	Mo metal	95.94	-
nickel	Ni metal	58.693	-
phosphorous	KH₂PO₄	136.09	-
-	P₂O₅	141.94	-
potassium	KCl	74.56	-
-	K₂CO₃	138.21	-
-	K₂Cr₂O₇	294.19	-
-	KHC₈H₄O₂	204.23	-
silicon	Si metal	28.085	-
-	SiO₂	60.08	-
silver	Ag metal	107.868	-
-	AgNO₃	169.87	-
sodium	NaCl	58.44	-
-	Na₂CO₃	106.00	-
-	Na₂C₂O₄	134.00	-
strontium	SrCO₃	147.63	-
sulfur	elemental S	32.066	-
-	K₂SO₄	174.27	-
-	Na₂SO₄	142.04	-
tin	Sn metal	118.710	-
titanium	Ti metal	47.867	-
tungsten	W metal	183.84	-
uranium	U metal	238.029	-
-	U₃O₈	842.09	-
vanadium	V metal	50.942	-
zinc	Zn metal	81.37	-

Sources: (a) Smith, B. W.; Parsons, M. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 679–681; (b) Moody, J. R.; Greenburg, P. R.; Pratt, K. W.; Rains, T. C. Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 1203A–1218A.

Contributors and Attributions

David Harvey (DePauw University)

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Contributors and Attributions

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