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The Sb/I₂ Reaction

Last updated

Feb 23, 2023
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- The Relative Activity of the Alkali Metals
- The Solvated Electron

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Chemical Concepts Demonstrated

Introduction to chemical reactions
Stoichiometry of reactions
Limiting reagents

Demonstration

Samples of Sb and I₂ (Sb is in excess) are added to toluene inside the reflux apparatus.

The solution is filtered while still hot.

After refluxing, the solution is poured into the beaker and immersed in an ice bath.

The solution is then filtered after it is cooled.

Observations

After the solution has been cooled, SbI₃ product is collected.

Explanation

$\ce{2 Sb (s) + 3 I2 (s) -> 2 SbI3 (s)}$

SbI₃ is soluble in toluene at reflux temperature, but Sb is not. The excess Sb is removed by filtering the solution while the it is still hot. When SbI₃ is cooled it becomes insoluable and the product can be collected by filtering the solution again.

The reaction has been used in the past to expose students to the rudiments of stoichiometry.

Chemical Concepts Demonstrated

Demonstration

Observations

Explanation

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