6.8: Bond Enthalpy and Length
- Page ID
- 371718
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Bond Enthalpy and Length
John Moore, Jia Zhou, and Etienne Garand
Average Bond Enthalpy (Scroll down for average bond length.)
In kJ/mol
| I | Br | Cl | S | P | Si | F | O | N | C | H | |
| H | 299 | 366 | 431 | 347 | 322 | 323 | 566 | 467 | 391 | 416 | 436 |
| C | 213 | 285 | 327 | 272 | 264 | 301 | 485 | 358 | 285 | 346 | |
| N | - | - | 193 | - | ~200 | 335 | 272 | 201 | 160 | ||
| O | 201 | - | 205 | - | ~340 | 368 | 190 | 146 | |||
| F | - | 238 | 255 | 326 | 490 | 582 | 158 | ||||
| Si | 234 | 310 | 391 | 226 | - | 226 | |||||
| P | 184 | 264 | 319 | - | 209 | ||||||
| S | - | 213 | 255 | 226 | Multiple Bonds | Multiple Bonds | |||||
| Cl | 209 | 217 | 242 | N=N | 418 | C=C | 598 | ||||
| Br | 180 | 193 | N≡N | 946 | C≡C | 813 | |||||
| I | 151 | C=N | 616 | C=O in CO2 | 803 | ||||||
| C≡N | 866 | C=O carbonyl | 695 | ||||||||
| N=O | 607 | C≡O | 1073 | ||||||||
| O=O in O2 | 498 | N≡O | 632 | ||||||||
Data from Cotton, F.A., Wilkinson, G. and Gaus, P.L., Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd ed., New York: Wiley, 1995.
Corrected values for C-C, and C-O from Cottrell, T.L., The Strengths of Chemical Bonds, 2ed., London:Butterworths, 1958.
Average Bond Length
In picometers, (pm)
| I | Br | Cl | S | P | Si | F | O | N | C | H | |
| H | 161 | 142 | 127 | 132 | 138 | 145 | 92 | 94 | 98 | 110 | 74 |
| C | 210 | 191 | 176 | 181 | 187 | 194 | 141 | 143 | 147 | 154 | |
| N | 203 | 184 | 169 | 174 | 180 | 187 | 134 | 136 | 140 | ||
| O | 199 | 180 | 165 | 170 | 176 | 183 | 130 | 148 | |||
| F | 197 | 178 | 163 | 168 | 174 | 181 | 128 | ||||
| Si | 250 | 231 | 216 | 221 | 227 | 234 | |||||
| P | 243 | 224 | 209 | 214 | 220 | ||||||
| S | 237 | 218 | 203 | 208 | Multiple Bonds | Multiple Bonds | |||||
| Cl | 232 | 213 | 200 | N=N | 120 | C=C | 134 | ||||
| Br | 247 | 228 | N≡N | 110 | C≡C | 121 | |||||
| I | 266 | C=N | 127 | C=O in CO2 | 116 | ||||||
| C≡N | 115 | C=O carbonyl | 121 | ||||||||
| N=O | 115 | C≡O | 113 | ||||||||
| O=O in O2 | 121 | N≡O | 115 | ||||||||