Extra Credit 4

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Q5.3.16

When 1.0 g of fructose, C₆H₁₂O₆(s), a sugar commonly found in fruits, is burned in oxygen in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature of the calorimeter increases by 1.58 °C. If the heat capacity of the calorimeter and its contents is 9.90 kJ/°C, what is q for this combustion?

Q10.1.10

Neon and HF have approximately the same molecular masses.

Explain why the boiling points of Neon and HF differ.
Compare the change in the boiling points of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe with the change of the boiling points of HF, HCl, HBr, and HI, and explain the difference between the changes with increasing atomic or molecular mass.

Q13.2.14

The initial concentrations or pressures of reactants and products are given for each of the following systems. Calculate the reaction quotient and determine the direction in which each system will proceed to reach equilibrium.

\(\ce{2NH3}(g) \rightleftharpoons \ce{N2}(g)+\ce{3H2}(g) \hspace{20px} K_c=17\); [NH₃] = 0.50 M, [N₂] = 0.15 M, [H₂] = 0.12 M
\(\ce{2NH3}(g) \rightleftharpoons \ce{N2}(g)+\ce{3H2}(g) \hspace{20px} K_P=6.8×10^4\); initial pressures: NH₃ = 2.00 atm, N₂ = 10.00 atm, H₂ = 10.00 atm
\(\ce{2SO3}(g) \rightleftharpoons \ce{2SO2}(g)+\ce{O2}(g) \hspace{20px} K_c=0.230\); [SO₃] = 2.00 M, [SO₂] = 2.00 M, [O₂] = 2.00 M
\(\ce{2SO3}(g) \rightleftharpoons \ce{2SO2}(g)+\ce{O2}(g) \hspace{20px} K_P=\mathrm{6.5\:atm}\); initial pressures: SO₂ = 1.00 atm, O₂ = 1.130 atm, SO₃ = 0 atm
\(\ce{2NO}(g)+\ce{Cl2}(g) \rightleftharpoons \ce{2NOCl}(g) \hspace{20px} K_P=2.5×10^3\); initial pressures: NO = 1.00 atm, Cl₂ = 1.00 atm, NOCl = 0 atm
\(\ce{N2}(g)+\ce{O2}(g) \rightleftharpoons \ce{2NO}(g) \hspace{20px} K_c=0.050\); [N₂] = 0.100 M, [O₂] = 0.200 M, [NO] = 1.00 M

Q14.1.8

What is the conjugate acid of each of the following? What is the conjugate base of each?

H₂S
\(\ce{H2PO4-}\)
PH₃
HS⁻
\(\ce{HSO3-}\)
\(\ce{H3O2+}\)
H₄N₂
CH₃OH

Q15.1.X

Calculate the solubility of aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)₃, in a solution buffered at pH 11.00.