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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/2_p-Block_Elements/Group_16%3A_The_Oxygen_Family_(The_Chalcogens)/Z084_Chemistry_of_Polonium_(Z84)Polonium was discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie and named for her native country of Poland. The discovery was made by extraction of the remaining radioactive components of pitchblende following the rem...Polonium was discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie and named for her native country of Poland. The discovery was made by extraction of the remaining radioactive components of pitchblende following the removal of uranium. There is only about 10-6 g per ton of ore! Current production for research purposes involves the synthesis of the element in the lab rather than its recovery from minerals. This is accomplished by producing Bi-210 from the abundant Bi-209.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/4_f-Block_Elements/The_Actinides/1General_Properties_and_Reactions_of_The_ActinidesThe Actinide series contains elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 and is in the sixth period and the third group of the periodic table. The series is the row below the Lanthanide series, which is lo...The Actinide series contains elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 and is in the sixth period and the third group of the periodic table. The series is the row below the Lanthanide series, which is located underneath the main body of the periodic table. Lanthanide and Actinide Series are both referred to as Rare Earth Metals. These elements all have a high diversity in oxidation numbers and all are radioactive.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/4_f-Block_Elements/The_Actinides/Chemistry_of_UraniumMost of the naturally occurring uranium is the isotope U-238. This form of uranium is not fissionable, i.e., it cannot be used in atomic weapons or power plants. A much smaller percentage of naturally...Most of the naturally occurring uranium is the isotope U-238. This form of uranium is not fissionable, i.e., it cannot be used in atomic weapons or power plants. A much smaller percentage of naturally occurring uranium is the isotope U-235, which is fissionable. The process of "enriching" uranium to increase the proportion of U-235 in a sample is expensive and tedious but necessary to produce fuel that is usable in power plants and material for weapons.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Book%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_Online_(Young)/11%3A_Nuclear_Chemistry/11.1%3A_RadioactivityCertain elements spontaneously produced a variety of particles. The three basic classes of particles were identified as “alpha”, “beta”, and “gamma” particles. Alpha particles were positive, relativel...Certain elements spontaneously produced a variety of particles. The three basic classes of particles were identified as “alpha”, “beta”, and “gamma” particles. Alpha particles were positive, relatively massive and were showed to be identical to the nucleus of the helium atom. Beta particles had a very small mass and were of higher energy and they carried a negative charge. Gamma particles were much more energetic, appeared to be neutral and were comparable to a high-energy photon of light.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Inorganic_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/08%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Main_Group_Elements/8.11%3A_The_Oxygen_Family_(The_Chalcogens)/8.11.06%3A_Chemistry_of_Polonium_(Z84)Polonium was discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie and named for her native country of Poland. The discovery was made by extraction of the remaining radioactive components of pitchblende following the rem...Polonium was discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie and named for her native country of Poland. The discovery was made by extraction of the remaining radioactive components of pitchblende following the removal of uranium. There is only about 10-6 g per ton of ore! Current production for research purposes involves the synthesis of the element in the lab rather than its recovery from minerals. This is accomplished by producing Bi-210 from the abundant Bi-209.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/24%3A_Nuclear_Chemistry/24.03%3A_Detection_of_RadioactivityThis page discusses the rising prices of uranium, which have led to increased exploration efforts using geological studies. It covers the measurement of radioactivity through decay rates in units such...This page discusses the rising prices of uranium, which have led to increased exploration efforts using geological studies. It covers the measurement of radioactivity through decay rates in units such as curies and becquerels. Personal dosimeters, like film badges and sensitive crystal systems, are used to track radiation exposure.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/khaas/Inorganic_Chemistry_II_(CHEM4210)/08%3A_Lanthanide_and_Actinide/8.02%3A_The_Actinides/8.2.01%3A_General_Properties_and_Reactions_of_The_ActinidesThe Actinide series contains elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 and is in the sixth period and the third group of the periodic table. The series is the row below the Lanthanide series, which is lo...The Actinide series contains elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 and is in the sixth period and the third group of the periodic table. The series is the row below the Lanthanide series, which is located underneath the main body of the periodic table. Lanthanide and Actinide Series are both referred to as Rare Earth Metals. These elements all have a high diversity in oxidation numbers and all are radioactive.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/khaas/Inorganic_Chemistry_II_(CHEM4210)/08%3A_Lanthanide_and_Actinide/8.02%3A_The_Actinides/8.2.15%3A_Chemistry_of_UraniumMost of the naturally occurring uranium is the isotope U-238. This form of uranium is not fissionable, i.e., it cannot be used in atomic weapons or power plants. A much smaller percentage of naturally...Most of the naturally occurring uranium is the isotope U-238. This form of uranium is not fissionable, i.e., it cannot be used in atomic weapons or power plants. A much smaller percentage of naturally occurring uranium is the isotope U-235, which is fissionable. The process of "enriching" uranium to increase the proportion of U-235 in a sample is expensive and tedious but necessary to produce fuel that is usable in power plants and material for weapons.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_4210%3A_Inorganic_Chem_II_(Siddiquee)/08%3A_Lanthanides_and_Actinides/8.02%3A_The_Actinides/8.2.01%3A_General_Properties_and_Reactions_of_The_ActinidesThe Actinide series contains elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 and is in the sixth period and the third group of the periodic table. The series is the row below the Lanthanide series, which is lo...The Actinide series contains elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 and is in the sixth period and the third group of the periodic table. The series is the row below the Lanthanide series, which is located underneath the main body of the periodic table. Lanthanide and Actinide Series are both referred to as Rare Earth Metals. These elements all have a high diversity in oxidation numbers and all are radioactive.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/24%3A_Nuclear_Chemistry/24.04%3A_Half-LifeThis page discusses uranium isotopes decaying into plutonium-239, utilized in nuclear weapons and reactors. Plutonium has a half-life of 24,100 years, leading to long-term contamination risks. The con...This page discusses uranium isotopes decaying into plutonium-239, utilized in nuclear weapons and reactors. Plutonium has a half-life of 24,100 years, leading to long-term contamination risks. The concept of half-life, which varies among isotopes, is essential for predicting radioactivity and managing radioactive materials and their environmental effects until they decay into stable products, such as lead from uranium.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/24%3A_Nuclear_Chemistry/24.05%3A_Background_RadiationThis page discusses the historical use of hot baths for muscle relief and the perceived benefits of radioactive hot springs. It explains background radiation, particularly from radon gas, its link to ...This page discusses the historical use of hot baths for muscle relief and the perceived benefits of radioactive hot springs. It explains background radiation, particularly from radon gas, its link to increased lung cancer risk for smokers, and emphasizes the importance of testing homes for radon levels. Additionally, it suggests affordable methods to mitigate radon exposure in residential areas.
