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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/DMA_Chem_51_Su_19/2%3A_Beginning_Chemistry_(Ball)/12%3A_Oxidation_and_Reduction/12.2%3A_Oxidation-Reduction_ReactionsOxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidatio...Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidation numbers to atoms. Oxidation is an increase in oxidation number (loss of electrons); reduction is a decrease in oxidation number (gain of electrons).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/CHEM_2000%3A_Chemistry_for_Engineers_(Sinex)/Unit_4%3A_Nomenclature_and_Reactions/Chapter_11%3A_Stoichiometry/Chapter_11.6%3A__Types_of_Chemical_ReactionsChemical processes in industry rely heavily on the use of catalysts, which are usually added to a reaction mixture in trace amounts, and most biological reactions do not take place without a biologica...Chemical processes in industry rely heavily on the use of catalysts, which are usually added to a reaction mixture in trace amounts, and most biological reactions do not take place without a biological catalyst or enzymeCatalysts that occur naturally in living organisms and catalyze biological reactions.. Examples of catalyzed reactions in industry are the use of platinum in petroleum cracking and reforming, the reaction of SO 2 and O 2 in the presence of V 2 O 5 to produce SO 3 in the industri…
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Nassau_Community_College/Principles_of_Chemistry/14%3A_Oxidation_and_Reduction/14.02%3A_Oxidation-Reduction_ReactionsOxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidatio...Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidation numbers to atoms. Oxidation is an increase in oxidation number (loss of electrons); reduction is a decrease in oxidation number (gain of electrons).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Electrochemistry/Redox_Chemistry/Oxidation_States_(Oxidation_Numbers)This page explains what oxidation states (oxidation numbers) are and how to calculate and use them.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Fullerton_College/Beginning_Chemistry_(Chan)/15%3A_Oxidation_and_Reduction/15.02%3A_Oxidation-Reduction_ReactionsOxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidatio...Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidation numbers to atoms. Oxidation is an increase in oxidation number (loss of electrons); reduction is a decrease in oxidation number (gain of electrons).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/3_d-Block_Elements/1b_Properties_of_Transition_Metals/Oxidation_States_of_Transition_MetalsThe oxidation state of an element is related to the number of electrons that an atom loses, gains, or appears to use when joining with another atom in compounds. It also determines the ability of an a...The oxidation state of an element is related to the number of electrons that an atom loses, gains, or appears to use when joining with another atom in compounds. It also determines the ability of an atom to oxidize (to lose electrons) or to reduce (to gain electrons) other atoms or species. Almost all of the transition metals have multiple potential oxidation states.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Chemical_Reactions/Chemical_Reactions_Examples/Oxidation_StatesLearning Objectives Assign an oxidation state (or oxidation number) to an atom in a molecule or ion. Describe oxidation and reduction reactions in terms of oxidation state change. Contributors and Att...Learning Objectives Assign an oxidation state (or oxidation number) to an atom in a molecule or ion. Describe oxidation and reduction reactions in terms of oxidation state change. Contributors and Attributions Chung (Peter) Chieh (Professor Emeritus, Chemistry @ University of Waterloo)
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/DMA_Chem_51/2%3A_Beginning_Chemistry_(Ball)/12%3A_Oxidation_and_Reduction/12.2%3A_Oxidation-Reduction_ReactionsOxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidatio...Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of electrons in atoms. There are rules for assigning oxidation numbers to atoms. Oxidation is an increase in oxidation number (loss of electrons); reduction is a decrease in oxidation number (gain of electrons).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Chem1_(Lower)/09%3A_Chemical_Bonding_and_Molecular_Structure/9.04%3A_Polar_CovalenceThe electrons constituting a chemical bond are simultaneously attracted by the electrostatic fields of the nuclei of the two bonded atoms. In a homonuclear molecule such as O2 the bonding electrons wi...The electrons constituting a chemical bond are simultaneously attracted by the electrostatic fields of the nuclei of the two bonded atoms. In a homonuclear molecule such as O2 the bonding electrons will be shared equally by the two atoms. In general, however, differences in the sizes and nuclear charges of the atoms will cause one of them to exert a greater attraction on the bonding pair, causing the electron cloud to be displaced toward the more strongly-attracting atom.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/General_Chemistry_Supplement_(Eames)/Valence_Bond_Theory/Formal_Charges_in_Lewis_StructuresIf you imagine a reaction between (CH 3 ) 3 N and an oxygen atom, both electrons that form the bond to O come from N (the former lone pair). (This is a rare example of a reaction that is both a Lewis ...If you imagine a reaction between (CH 3 ) 3 N and an oxygen atom, both electrons that form the bond to O come from N (the former lone pair). (This is a rare example of a reaction that is both a Lewis acid-base reaction and a redox reaction.) However, once the bond is made, these electrons are shared.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Chemistry_for_Allied_Health_(Soult)/11%3A_Properties_of_Reactions/11.01%3A_Oxidation_NumbersAn oxidation number is a positive or negative number that is assigned to an atom to indicate its degree of oxidation or reduction. The term oxidation state is often used interchangeably with oxidation...An oxidation number is a positive or negative number that is assigned to an atom to indicate its degree of oxidation or reduction. The term oxidation state is often used interchangeably with oxidation number. A partial electron transfer is a shift in the electron density near an atom as a result of a change in the other atoms to which it is covalently bonded. That charge shift is based on the relative electronegativities of the atoms involved in the bond.
