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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Molecular_Geometry/Square_PyramidalAX 5 E Shape: square pyramidal Steric Number: Lone Pair: Polar/NonPolar: Polar Hybridization: sp 3 d 2 Example: IF 5 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 6 equally spaced sp 3 d 2 hybrid orbitals arrang...AX 5 E Shape: square pyramidal Steric Number: Lone Pair: Polar/NonPolar: Polar Hybridization: sp 3 d 2 Example: IF 5 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 6 equally spaced sp 3 d 2 hybrid orbitals arranged at 90 o angles. The shape of the orbitals is octahedral. One orbital contains a lone pair of electrons so the remaining five atoms connected to the central atom gives the molecule a square pyramidal shape.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Under_Construction/Purgatory/AUCHE_212_General_Chemistry_II_Part_1_(Minhas)/02%3A_Atomic_Structure/2.04%3A_Atomic_OrbitalsThere are lots of ways of showing orbitals, but usually they just draw a surface so that you have 50% or 90% or whatever chance of finding the electron inside the surface. (Always, the probability of ...There are lots of ways of showing orbitals, but usually they just draw a surface so that you have 50% or 90% or whatever chance of finding the electron inside the surface. (Always, the probability of finding the electron becomes 0 as you get far enough from the nucleus.) The second orbital in the picture is shown as a slice, so you can see that the inside near the nucleus has the opposite phase as the outside.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Molecular_Geometry/Trigonal_Planar_______Molecular_GeometryAX 3 Shape: trigonal planar Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: NonPolar Hybridization: sp 2 Examples: BF 3 , CO 3 2 - NOTES: This molecule is made up of 3 equally spaced sp 2 hybrid orbitals a...AX 3 Shape: trigonal planar Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: NonPolar Hybridization: sp 2 Examples: BF 3 , CO 3 2 - NOTES: This molecule is made up of 3 equally spaced sp 2 hybrid orbitals arranged at 120 o angles. The shape of the orbitals is planar triangular. Since there is an atom at the end of each orbital, the shape of the molecule is also planar triangular. Contributors and Attributions Charles Ophardt, Professor Emeritus, Elmhurst College; Virtual Chembook
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Molecular_Geometry/Trigonal_Bipyramidal_Molecular_GeometryAX 5 Shape: trigonal bipyramidal Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: sp 3 d PCl 5 , SbF 5 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 5 sp 3 d hybrid orbitals. Three orbitals are arranged around the equ...AX 5 Shape: trigonal bipyramidal Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: sp 3 d PCl 5 , SbF 5 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 5 sp 3 d hybrid orbitals. Three orbitals are arranged around the equator of the molecule with bond angles of 120 o . Two orbitals are arranged along the vertical axis at 90 o from the equatorial orbitals. The shape of the orbitals is trigonal bipyramidal. Since there is an atom at the end of each orbital, the shape of the molecule is also trigonal bipyramidal.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/05%3A_Electrons_in_Atoms/5.13%3A_OrbitalsThis page discusses electron configurations and orbitals defined by quantum numbers, detailing the four types: s (spherical), p (dumbbell-shaped), d (complex), and f (most complex, wit...This page discusses electron configurations and orbitals defined by quantum numbers, detailing the four types: s (spherical), p (dumbbell-shaped), d (complex), and f (most complex, with seven shapes). It also compares the regulations preventing plane collisions to the restrictions on electron positioning.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/General_Chemistry_Supplement_(Eames)/Quantum_Chemistry/Atomic_OrbitalsThere are lots of ways of showing orbitals, but usually they just draw a surface so that you have 50% or 90% or whatever chance of finding the electron inside the surface. (Always, the probability of ...There are lots of ways of showing orbitals, but usually they just draw a surface so that you have 50% or 90% or whatever chance of finding the electron inside the surface. (Always, the probability of finding the electron becomes 0 as you get far enough from the nucleus.) The second orbital in the picture is shown as a slice, so you can see that the inside near the nucleus has the opposite phase as the outside.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Book%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_Online_(Young)/01%3A_Measurements_and_Atomic_Structure/1.8%3A_Filling_Orbitals_with_ElectronsThis sequence continues nicely until the third period; it turns out the 3d orbitals are slightly higher in energy than the 4s orbital, therefore the 4s fills with two electrons, and then the next 10 e...This sequence continues nicely until the third period; it turns out the 3d orbitals are slightly higher in energy than the 4s orbital, therefore the 4s fills with two electrons, and then the next 10 electrons are placed in the 3d orbital. This is a general trend in the periodic table, and the order of filling can be easily predicted by the scheme where you simply follow the arrows on the diagonal to determine the next orbital to fill.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/32%3A_Math_Chapters/32.04%3A_Spherical_CoordinatesThis page explores various coordinate systems like Cartesian, polar, and spherical, focusing on their applications in mathematics and physics, as well as their significance for different problems. It ...This page explores various coordinate systems like Cartesian, polar, and spherical, focusing on their applications in mathematics and physics, as well as their significance for different problems. It highlights the necessity of adapting integration methods, particularly in quantum mechanics for normalizing wave functions using double and triple integrals.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Molecular_Geometry/Trigonal_Pyramidal_Molecular_GeometryCompare it to the water molecule which has 2 hydrogen atoms and 2 lone electron pairs.. The third hydrogen bonds to the water molecule as a hydrogen ion (no electrons) bonding to the lone pair on the ...Compare it to the water molecule which has 2 hydrogen atoms and 2 lone electron pairs.. The third hydrogen bonds to the water molecule as a hydrogen ion (no electrons) bonding to the lone pair on the oxygen. The sulfur and and one oxygen are bonded through a double bond which counts as "one electron pair". Hence the molecule has four electron pairs and is tetrahedral.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Molecular_Geometry/OctahedralAX 6 Shape: octahedral Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: NonPolar Hybridization: sp 3 d 2 Example: SF 6 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 6 equally spaced sp 3 d 2 hybrid orbitals arranged a...AX 6 Shape: octahedral Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: NonPolar Hybridization: sp 3 d 2 Example: SF 6 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 6 equally spaced sp 3 d 2 hybrid orbitals arranged at 90 o angles. The shape of the orbitals is octahedral. Since there is an atom at the end of each orbital, the shape of the molecule is also octahedral.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Molecular_Geometry/Square_PlanarAX 4 E 2 Shape: square planar Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: NonPolar Hybridization: sp 3 d 2 Example: XeF 4 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 6 equally spaced sp 3 d 2 hybrid orbitals ar...AX 4 E 2 Shape: square planar Steric Number: Lone Pairs: Polar/NonPolar: NonPolar Hybridization: sp 3 d 2 Example: XeF 4 NOTES: This molecule is made up of 6 equally spaced sp 3 d 2 hybrid orbitals arranged at 90 o angles. The shape of the orbitals is octahedral. Two orbitals contain lone pairs of electrons on opposite sides of the central atom. The remaining four atoms connected to the central atom gives the molecule a square planar shape.
