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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/12%3A_Group_Theory_-_The_Exploitation_of_Symmetry/12.11%3A_Reducible_Representations_are_Comprised_of_Irreducible_RepresentationsThis page discusses the categorization of ammonia's motion using its C3v reducible representation. By applying character tables, the irreducible representations are determined as 3A1, \(1...This page discusses the categorization of ammonia's motion using its C3v reducible representation. By applying character tables, the irreducible representations are determined as 3A1, 1A2, and 4E. It identifies translational modes as A1+E and rotational modes as A2+E. The normal vibrational modes, after subtracting translational and rotational representations, are found to be 2A1+2E.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Western_Washington_University/Biophysical_Chemistry_(Smirnov_and_McCarty)/03%3A_Molecular_Mechanics_and_Statistical_Thermodynamics/3.03%3A_Newtonian_MechanicsThe text discusses the application of Newton's laws of motion to atomic nuclei and larger molecules, focusing on the interaction of particles and harmonic motion. Newton's second law is formulated for...The text discusses the application of Newton's laws of motion to atomic nuclei and larger molecules, focusing on the interaction of particles and harmonic motion. Newton's second law is formulated for forces between particles and a harmonic oscillator system, like a mass and spring. Concepts of potential energy, restoring forces, and phase space in relation to differential equations are introduced.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/13%3A_States_of_Matter/13.02%3A_Gas_PressureThis page explains how hot air balloons function by using gas pressure from heated air. Initially flat, the balloon rises when the internal air is heated, increasing the velocity and pressure of air m...This page explains how hot air balloons function by using gas pressure from heated air. Initially flat, the balloon rises when the internal air is heated, increasing the velocity and pressure of air molecules. This inflation occurs due to gas particle collisions against surfaces, with pressure directly influenced by temperature—higher temperatures result in higher pressures, facilitating the balloon's ascent.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/13%3A_States_of_Matter/13.05%3A_Average_Kinetic_Energy_and_TemperatureThis page explains kinetic energy as the energy of motion, illustrated through baseball actions like pitching and swinging. It connects temperature to the average kinetic energy of particles, noting t...This page explains kinetic energy as the energy of motion, illustrated through baseball actions like pitching and swinging. It connects temperature to the average kinetic energy of particles, noting that as temperature rises, kinetic energy variability increases. Absolute zero, where particle motion stops, is discussed along with its practical inaccessibility.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Colorado_State_University_Pueblo/Elementary_Concepts_in_Physics_and_Chemistry/07%3A_Chapter_7_-_Survey_of_Kinematics_and_Newtonian_Motion/7.07%3A_Projectile_MotionProjectile motion is the motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only the acceleration of gravity. The object is called a projectile, and its path is called its trajectory. Th...Projectile motion is the motion of an object thrown or projected into the air, subject to only the acceleration of gravity. The object is called a projectile, and its path is called its trajectory. The motion of falling objects is a simple one-dimensional type of projectile motion in which there is no horizontal movement. In this section, we consider two-dimensional projectile motion, such as that of a football or other object for which air resistance is negligible.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/03%3A_Measurements/3.06%3A_Kinetic_EnergyThis page explains energy as the capacity to perform work or produce heat, detailing kinetic energy as energy due to motion with the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity. It also de...This page explains energy as the capacity to perform work or produce heat, detailing kinetic energy as energy due to motion with the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity. It also describes potential energy as stored energy, and notes the joule (J) as the SI unit of energy, with calories as a common alternative unit (1 cal = 4.184 J).
