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  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Nassau_Community_College/Principles_of_Chemistry/10%3A_Solids_and_Liquids/10.02%3A_Intermolecular_Forces
    All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F at...All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F atoms experience hydrogen bonding. The preferred phase of a substance depends on the strength of the intermolecular force and the energy of the particles.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Beginning_Chemistry_(Ball)/10%3A_Solids_and_Liquids/10.02%3A_Intermolecular_Forces
    All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F at...All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F atoms experience hydrogen bonding. The preferred phase of a substance depends on the strength of the intermolecular force and the energy of the particles.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Colorado_State_University_Pueblo/Elementary_Concepts_in_Physics_and_Chemistry/04%3A_Chapter_4_-_Molecules_Bonding_and_Forces/4.07%3A_Intermolecular_Forces
    All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F at...All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F atoms experience hydrogen bonding. The preferred phase of a substance depends on the strength of the intermolecular force and the energy of the particles.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introduction_to_Organic_and_Biochemistry_(Malik)/01%3A_Bonding_in_organic_compounds/1.02%3A_What_is_a_chemical_bond
    The chemical bonds connect the atoms in the compounds. Transferring or sharing some valance electrons from one atom to another makes the bonds. Intermolecular forces are kind of bonds through which mo...The chemical bonds connect the atoms in the compounds. Transferring or sharing some valance electrons from one atom to another makes the bonds. Intermolecular forces are kind of bonds through which molecules interact with each other using transient or permanent dipoles.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/CHEM_2000%3A_Chemistry_for_Engineers_(Sinex)/Unit_3%3A_States_of_Matter/Chapter_7%3A_Fluids/Chapter_11.02%3A_Intermolecular_forces
    For example, it requires 927 kJ to overcome the intramolecular forces and break both O–H bonds in 1 mol of water, but it takes only about 41 kJ to overcome the intermolecular attractions and convert 1...For example, it requires 927 kJ to overcome the intramolecular forces and break both O–H bonds in 1 mol of water, but it takes only about 41 kJ to overcome the intermolecular attractions and convert 1 mol of liquid water to water vapor at 100°C. (Despite this seemingly low value, the intermolecular forces in liquid water are among the strongest such forces known!) Given the large difference in the strengths of intra- and intermolecular forces, changes between the solid, liquid, and gaseous stat…
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Georgia/CHEM_3212%3A_Physical_Chemistry_II/01%3A_The_Properties_of_Gases/1.08%3A_Intermolecular_Forces
    Intermolecular forces are the attractive or repulsive forces between molecules. They are separated into two groups; short range and long range forces. Short range forces happen when the centers of the...Intermolecular forces are the attractive or repulsive forces between molecules. They are separated into two groups; short range and long range forces. Short range forces happen when the centers of the molecules are separated by three angstroms (10-8 cm) or less. Short range forces tend to be repulsive, where the long range forces that act outside the three angstroms range are attractive. Long range forces are also known as Van der Waals forces. They are responsible for surface tension, friction,
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Providence_College/Organic_Chemistry_I/08%3A_Substitution_Reactions/8.02%3A_Polarity_Acidity_and_Solubility
    dipole-induced dipole – polar region of one molecule alters the electron distribution in a nonpolar region of another to produce an induced dipole that results in weak attraction Those molecules that ...dipole-induced dipole – polar region of one molecule alters the electron distribution in a nonpolar region of another to produce an induced dipole that results in weak attraction Those molecules that can hydrogen bond will dissolve in solvents that can also hydrogen bond – hence, the phrase “like dissolves like.” In the same vein, very nonpolar hydrocarbons will only dissolve in other nonpolar solvents.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/13%3A_States_of_Matter/13.06%3A_Surface_Tension
    This page explains how water skaters and other insects use surface tension to stay on the water's surface. Surface tension is created by intermolecular forces acting on surface molecules, primarily se...This page explains how water skaters and other insects use surface tension to stay on the water's surface. Surface tension is created by intermolecular forces acting on surface molecules, primarily seen in liquids like water, which has strong hydrogen bonding.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/Foundations_of_Introductory_Chemistry-1/14%3A_Solids_and_Liquids/14.2%3A_Intermolecular_Forces
    All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F at...All substances experience dispersion forces between their particles. Substances that are polar experience dipole-dipole interactions. Substances with covalent bonds between an H atom and N, O, or F atoms experience hydrogen bonding. The preferred phase of a substance depends on the strength of the intermolecular force and the energy of the particles.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Florida/CHM2047%3A_One-Semester_General_Chemistry_(Kleiman)/13%3A_Solutions/13.01%3A_Solids_Liquids_and_Phase_Transitions/13.1.03%3A_Intermolecular_Forces_in_Liquids
    Surface tension, capillary action, and viscosity are unique properties of liquids that depend on the nature of intermolecular interactions. Surface tension is the energy required to increase the surfa...Surface tension, capillary action, and viscosity are unique properties of liquids that depend on the nature of intermolecular interactions. Surface tension is the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid. Surfactants are molecules that reduce the surface tension of polar liquids like water. Capillary action is the phenomenon in which liquids rise up into a narrow tube called a capillary. The viscosity of a liquid is its resistance to flow.
  • https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Irvine/UCI%3A_General_Chemistry_1A_(OpenChem)/027Hydrogen_Bonds_(OpenChem)

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