Search
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/East_Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_3110%3A_Descriptive_Inorganic_Chemistry/03%3A_Bonding_Theories/3.02%3A_Electronegativity_ValuesThe electronegativity of an atom is a relative value of that atom's ability to attract election density toward itself in a covalent bond. There are a few different 'types' of electronegativity which d...The electronegativity of an atom is a relative value of that atom's ability to attract election density toward itself in a covalent bond. There are a few different 'types' of electronegativity which differ only in their definitions and the system by which they assign values for electronegativity.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Centre_College/CHE_332%3A_Inorganic_Chemistry/06%3A_Coordination_Chemistry-_BondingAs with many theories, the crystal field and ligand field theories discussed in this chapter were developed because existing bonding theories couldn't explain the observed properties of some transitio...As with many theories, the crystal field and ligand field theories discussed in this chapter were developed because existing bonding theories couldn't explain the observed properties of some transition metal complexes. As an example let us consider the following two transition metal complexes, [Fe(NH 3 ) 6 ] 2+ and [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ] 3+ . The Fe 2 + and the Co 3 + centers both have a valence electron configuration of 3d 6 and have the same ligands coordinated.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Centre_College/CHE_332%3A_Inorganic_Chemistry/03%3A_Molecular_Symmetry_and_Point_GroupsHowever, symmetry, and the underlying mathematical theory for symmetry, group theory, are of tremendous importance in chemistry because they can be applied to many chemistry problems. In other classes...However, symmetry, and the underlying mathematical theory for symmetry, group theory, are of tremendous importance in chemistry because they can be applied to many chemistry problems. In other classes you have learned different ways to describe symmetry, radial and bilateral symmetry in biology; R and S enantiomers or cis and trans isomers in organic chemistry.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/02%3A_Acid-Base_and_Donor-Acceptor_Chemistry/2.05%3A_Brnsted-Lowry_Acid-Base_Concept/2.5.06%3A_Brnsted-Lowry_Superacids_and_the_Hammett_Acidity_FunctionSuperacids are able to dissociate completely because when they do so they give an extremely stable anion in which the residual negative charge is distributed among multiple electronegative atoms.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/03%3A_Covalent_Bonding_Models_and_Molecular_Orbital_Theory/3.01%3A_Lewis_Electron-Dot_Diagrams/3.1.02%3A_Breaking_the_octet_rule_with_higher_electron_counts_(hypervalent_atoms)The consensus is now clear that d orbitals are NOT involved in bonding in molecules like SF 6 any more than they are in SF 4 and SF 2 . In all three cases, there is a small and roughly identical parti...The consensus is now clear that d orbitals are NOT involved in bonding in molecules like SF 6 any more than they are in SF 4 and SF 2 . In all three cases, there is a small and roughly identical participation of d-orbitals in the wavefunctions.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/01%3A_Atoms_and_Electronic_Structure/1.10%3A_The_Periodic_Table_and_Periodic_PropertiesThe Periodic Table of Elements categorizes like elements together. On the periodic table, elements that have similar properties are in the same groups (vertical). From left to right, the atomic number...The Periodic Table of Elements categorizes like elements together. On the periodic table, elements that have similar properties are in the same groups (vertical). From left to right, the atomic number (z) of the elements increases from one period to the next (horizontal).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/04%3A_Reactivity-_Redox_Chemistry/4.01%3A_Redox_ReactionsReduction-Oxidation (Redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons between a species that is oxidized and a species that is reduced. Redox reactions are important in biochemistry and important fa...Reduction-Oxidation (Redox) reactions involve the transfer of electrons between a species that is oxidized and a species that is reduced. Redox reactions are important in biochemistry and important families of enzymes are called reductases or oxidases based on their reduction or oxidation catalysis. Redox chemistry also forms the basis of corrosion chemistry and battery chemistry (electrochemistry).
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/06%3A_Transition_Metals_and_Coordination_Chemistry/6.01%3A_Introduction_to_Coordination_ChemistryComplexes or coordination compounds are molecules that posess a metal center that is bound to ligands (atoms, ions, or molecules that donate electrons to the metal). These complexes can be neutral or ...Complexes or coordination compounds are molecules that posess a metal center that is bound to ligands (atoms, ions, or molecules that donate electrons to the metal). These complexes can be neutral or charged. When the complex is charged, it is stabilized by neighboring counter-ions.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/06%3A_Transition_Metals_and_Coordination_Chemistry/6.04%3A_Isomers/6.4.05%3A_Ionization_IsomerismIonization isomers are identical except for a ligand has exchanging places with an anion or neutral molecule that was originally outside the coordination complex. The central ion and the other ligands...Ionization isomers are identical except for a ligand has exchanging places with an anion or neutral molecule that was originally outside the coordination complex. The central ion and the other ligands are identical. For example, an octahedral isomer will have five ligands that are identical, but the sixth will differ. The non-matching ligand in one compound will be outside of the coordination sphere of the other compound.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northern_Michigan_University/CH_215%3A_Chemistry_of_the_Elements_Fall_2023/01%3A_Atoms_and_Electronic_Structure/1.06%3A_Rules_Governing_Ground_State_Electron_ConfigurationsThe Aufbau Principle (also called the building-up principle or the Aufbau rule) states that, in the ground state of an atom or ion, electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy level ...The Aufbau Principle (also called the building-up principle or the Aufbau rule) states that, in the ground state of an atom or ion, electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy level before occupying higher-energy levels.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/East_Tennessee_State_University/CHEM_3110%3A_Descriptive_Inorganic_Chemistry/03%3A_Bonding_Theories/3.07%3A_Molecular_Orbital_Theory/3.7C%3A_Heteronuclear_Diatomic_MoleculesThe result is an increase in the energy of the 3σ orbital and a decrease in energy of the 2σ∗ orbital, resulting in the diagram shown in Figure \PageIndex1. The uneven shape o...The result is an increase in the energy of the 3σ orbital and a decrease in energy of the 2σ∗ orbital, resulting in the diagram shown in Figure \PageIndex1. The uneven shape of the interior lobe, where it leans toward oxygen, is best explained by the fact that the 3σ orbital is closer in energy to the oxygen 2pz than the carbon 2pz.
