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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Oneonta/Organic_Chemistry_with_a_Biological_Emphasis_(SUNY_Oneonta)/03%3A_Conformations_and_Stereochemistry/3.12%3A_ProchiralityWhen a tetrahedral carbon can be converted to a chiral center by changing only one of the attached groups, it is referred to as a ‘prochiral' carbon. The two hydrogens on the prochiral carbon can be d...When a tetrahedral carbon can be converted to a chiral center by changing only one of the attached groups, it is referred to as a ‘prochiral' carbon. The two hydrogens on the prochiral carbon can be described as 'prochiral hydrogens'.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Smith_College/CHM_222_Chemistry_II%3A_Organic_Chemistry_(2025)/06%3A_Structure_Determination_-_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/6.07%3A_H_NMR_Spectroscopy_and_Proton_EquivalenceThe three protons labeled H a have a different - and easily distinguishable – resonance frequency than the three H b protons, because the two sets of protons are in non-identical environments: they ar...The three protons labeled H a have a different - and easily distinguishable – resonance frequency than the three H b protons, because the two sets of protons are in non-identical environments: they are, in other words, chemically nonequivalent. Each the molecules in the next figure contains two sets of protons, just like our previous example of methyl acetate, and again in each case the resonance frequency of the H a protons will be different from that of the H b protons.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_333_-_Organic_Chemistry_III_(Lund)/New_Page/3%3A_Conformations_and_Stereochemistry/3.11%3A_ProchiralityWhen a tetrahedral carbon can be converted to a chiral center by changing only one of the attached groups, it is referred to as a ‘prochiral' carbon. The two hydrogens on the prochiral carbon can be d...When a tetrahedral carbon can be converted to a chiral center by changing only one of the attached groups, it is referred to as a ‘prochiral' carbon. The two hydrogens on the prochiral carbon can be described as 'prochiral hydrogens'.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Organic_Chemistry_(OpenStax)/13%3A_Structure_Determination_-_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/13.07%3A_H_NMR_Spectroscopy_and_Proton_EquivalenceThis section explains how proton equivalence in molecules influences NMR signals. It describes how equivalent protons produce the same signal, simplifying the spectrum, while nonequivalent protons yie...This section explains how proton equivalence in molecules influences NMR signals. It describes how equivalent protons produce the same signal, simplifying the spectrum, while nonequivalent protons yield distinct signals. Proton equivalence is determined by symmetry and chemical environments, which help distinguish different hydrogen atoms in a molecule.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Organic_Chemistry_(Morsch_et_al.)/13%3A_Structure_Determination_-_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/13.06%3A_H_NMR_Spectroscopy_and_Proton_EquivalenceProton equivalence in proton NMR refers to the concept that not all hydrogen atoms in a molecule produce distinct signals in the NMR spectrum. Instead, chemically equivalent protons, meaning those tha...Proton equivalence in proton NMR refers to the concept that not all hydrogen atoms in a molecule produce distinct signals in the NMR spectrum. Instead, chemically equivalent protons, meaning those that occupy identical environments within a molecule, yield the same NMR signal. This concept is essential for interpreting NMR spectra accurately.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Book%3A_Organic_Chemistry_with_a_Biological_Emphasis_v2.0_(Soderberg)/03%3A_Conformations_and_Stereochemistry/3.12%3A_ProchiralityWhen a tetrahedral carbon can be converted to a chiral center by changing only one of the attached groups, it is referred to as a ‘prochiral' carbon. The two hydrogens on the prochiral carbon can be d...When a tetrahedral carbon can be converted to a chiral center by changing only one of the attached groups, it is referred to as a ‘prochiral' carbon. The two hydrogens on the prochiral carbon can be described as 'prochiral hydrogens'.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Reference/Organic_Chemistry_Glossary/DiastereotopicLike ligands in an organic molecule that are not equivalent (see equivalent ligands) under any condition are classified into two classes: Diastereotopic Ligands or Constitutionally Heterotopic Ligands
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Organic_Chemistry_II_(Morsch_et_al.)/13%3A_Structure_Determination_-_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/13.06%3A_H_NMR_Spectroscopy_and_Proton_EquivalenceProton equivalence in proton NMR refers to the concept that not all hydrogen atoms in a molecule produce distinct signals in the NMR spectrum. Instead, chemically equivalent protons, meaning those tha...Proton equivalence in proton NMR refers to the concept that not all hydrogen atoms in a molecule produce distinct signals in the NMR spectrum. Instead, chemically equivalent protons, meaning those that occupy identical environments within a molecule, yield the same NMR signal. This concept is essential for interpreting NMR spectra accurately.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Workbench/LCDS_Organic_Chemistry_OER_Textbook_-_Todd_Trout/13%3A_Structure_Determination_-_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/13.08%3A_H_NMR_Spectroscopy_and_Proton_EquivalenceIn the 1 H NMR spectrum of methyl acetate shown previously in Figure 13.4a, for instance, there are two signals, corresponding to the two kinds of nonequivalent protons present, CH 3 C═O protons and –...In the 1 H NMR spectrum of methyl acetate shown previously in Figure 13.4a, for instance, there are two signals, corresponding to the two kinds of nonequivalent protons present, CH 3 C═O protons and –OCH 3 protons. In butane, for instance, the six –CH 3 hydrogens on C1 and C4 are identical, would give the identical structure on substitution by X, and would show an identical NMR absorption.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Alberta_Augustana_Campus/AUCHE_252_-_Organic_Chemistry_II/02%3A_1H_NMR/2.08%3A_H_NMR_Spectroscopy_and_Proton_EquivalenceIn the 1 H NMR spectrum of methyl acetate shown previously in Figure 13.4a, for instance, there are two signals, corresponding to the two kinds of nonequivalent protons present, CH 3 C═O protons and –...In the 1 H NMR spectrum of methyl acetate shown previously in Figure 13.4a, for instance, there are two signals, corresponding to the two kinds of nonequivalent protons present, CH 3 C═O protons and –OCH 3 protons. In butane, for instance, the six –CH 3 hydrogens on C1 and C4 are identical, would give the identical structure on substitution by X, and would show an identical NMR absorption.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Smith_College/Organic_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/13%3A_Structure_Determination_-_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance_Spectroscopy/13.07%3A_H_NMR_Spectroscopy_and_Proton_EquivalenceThe three protons labeled H a have a different - and easily distinguishable – resonance frequency than the three H b protons, because the two sets of protons are in non-identical environments: they ar...The three protons labeled H a have a different - and easily distinguishable – resonance frequency than the three H b protons, because the two sets of protons are in non-identical environments: they are, in other words, chemically nonequivalent. Each the molecules in the next figure contains two sets of protons, just like our previous example of methyl acetate, and again in each case the resonance frequency of the H a protons will be different from that of the H b protons.
