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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_333_-_Organic_Chemistry_III_(Lund)/New_Page/2%3A_Introduction_to_Organic_Structure_and_Bonding_II/2.1%3A_Valence_Bond_TheoryValence bond theory is most often used to describe bonding in organic molecules. In this model, bonds are considered to form from the overlap of two atomic orbitals on different atoms, each orbital c...Valence bond theory is most often used to describe bonding in organic molecules. In this model, bonds are considered to form from the overlap of two atomic orbitals on different atoms, each orbital containing a single electron. In looking at simple inorganic molecules such as molecular hydrogen (H2) or hydrogen fluoride (HF), our present understanding of s and p atomic orbitals will suffice. In order to explain the bonding in organic molecules, however, we will need to introduce hybrid orbitals
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/09%3A_Chemical_Bonding_in_Diatomic_Molecules/9.15%3A_Molecular_Term_Symbols_Designate_SymmetryThis page discusses the quantum numbers for diatomic molecules, highlighting their similarities and differences with atomic quantum numbers, particularly the angular momentum quantum number Λ. It ...This page discusses the quantum numbers for diatomic molecules, highlighting their similarities and differences with atomic quantum numbers, particularly the angular momentum quantum number Λ. It covers the impact of parity and reflection symmetries on molecular orbitals, including symmetric (g) and anti-symmetric (u) designations. The rules for determining overall orbital reflection apply mainly to Σ states.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/09%3A_Chemical_Bonding_in_Diatomic_Molecules/9.05%3A_Bonding_and_Antibonding_OrbitalsThis page explores the molecular orbitals of the H+ ion using the LCAO method, which includes bonding and antibonding characteristics. The bonding σ1s orbital stabilizes the sy...This page explores the molecular orbitals of the H+ ion using the LCAO method, which includes bonding and antibonding characteristics. The bonding σ1s orbital stabilizes the system through constructive interference, while the antibonding σ∗1s destabilizes it through destructive interference.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Oneonta/Chem_322_Lecture_Content/01%3A_Phosphate_Transfer_Reactions/1.02%3A_Overview_of_Phosphate_GroupsPhosphate is everywhere in biochemistry. As we were reminded in the introduction to this chapter, our DNA is linked by phosphate. The function of many proteins is regulated - switched on and off - by ...Phosphate is everywhere in biochemistry. As we were reminded in the introduction to this chapter, our DNA is linked by phosphate. The function of many proteins is regulated - switched on and off - by enzymes which attach or remove a phosphate group from the side chains of serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT_(Lund)%3A_Organic_Chemistry_with_a_Biological_Emphasis_(Soderberg)/02%3A_Introduction_to_Organic_Structure_and_Bonding_IIWe will look more closely at the nature of single and double covalent bonds, using the concepts of 'hybrid orbitals' and 'resonance' to attempt to explain how orbital overlap results in characteristic...We will look more closely at the nature of single and double covalent bonds, using the concepts of 'hybrid orbitals' and 'resonance' to attempt to explain how orbital overlap results in characteristic geometries and rotational behavior for single and double bonds, as well as bonds that have characteristics of somewhere in between single and double.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_332_--_Organic_Chemistry_II_(Lund)/1%3A_Fall_term_review_sections/1%3A_Introduction_to_Organic_Structure_and_Bonding_IIn this chapter, you will be introduced to some of the most fundamental principles of organic chemistry. You will recognize that the chapter contains a lot of review of topics you have probably learne...In this chapter, you will be introduced to some of the most fundamental principles of organic chemistry. You will recognize that the chapter contains a lot of review of topics you have probably learned already in an introductory chemistry course, but there will likely also be a few concepts that are new to you, as well as some topics which are already familiar to you but covered at a greater depth and with more of an emphasis on biologically relevant organic compounds.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_332_--_Organic_Chemistry_II_(Lund)/1%3A_Fall_term_review_sections/2%3A_Introduction_to_Organic_Structure_and_Bonding_IIWe will look more closely at the nature of single and double covalent bonds, using the concepts of 'hybrid orbitals' and 'resonance' to attempt to explain how orbital overlap results in characteristic...We will look more closely at the nature of single and double covalent bonds, using the concepts of 'hybrid orbitals' and 'resonance' to attempt to explain how orbital overlap results in characteristic geometries and rotational behavior for single and double bonds, as well as bonds that have characteristics of somewhere in between single and double.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/CSU_Fullerton/Chem_325%3A_Inorganic_Chemistry_(Cooley)/04%3A_Acids_Bases_and_Ions_in_Aqueous_Solution/4.10%3A_What_is_a_Complex_IonThis page explains the terms complex ion and ligand, and looks at the bonding between the ligands and the central metal ion. It discusses various sorts of ligand (including some quite complicated ones...This page explains the terms complex ion and ligand, and looks at the bonding between the ligands and the central metal ion. It discusses various sorts of ligand (including some quite complicated ones), and describes what is meant by coordination number.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Irvine/UCI%3A_General_Chemistry_1A_(OpenChem)/017Examples_-_Drawing_Molecular_Orbitals_II_(OpenChem)
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_333_-_Organic_Chemistry_III_(Lund)/New_Page/1%3A_Introduction_to_Organic_Structure_and_Bonding_IIn this chapter, you will be introduced to some of the most fundamental principles of organic chemistry. You will recognize that the chapter contains a lot of review of topics you have probably learne...In this chapter, you will be introduced to some of the most fundamental principles of organic chemistry. You will recognize that the chapter contains a lot of review of topics you have probably learned already in an introductory chemistry course, but there will likely also be a few concepts that are new to you, as well as some topics which are already familiar to you but covered at a greater depth and with more of an emphasis on biologically relevant organic compounds.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Workbench/Chemistry_LHS_Bridge/11%3A_Introduction_to_Organic_Structure_and_Bonding_I/11.02%3A_Drawing_Organic_StructuresNow that you have had a chance to go back to your introductory chemistry textbook to review some basic information about atoms, orbitals, bonds, and molecules, let's direct our attention a little more...Now that you have had a chance to go back to your introductory chemistry textbook to review some basic information about atoms, orbitals, bonds, and molecules, let's direct our attention a little more closely to the idea of charged species. You know that an ion is a molecule or atom that has an associated positive or negative charge.
