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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/05%3A_Electrons_in_Atoms/5.03%3A_Quantization_of_EnergyThis page clarifies that "quantum leap" refers to minor changes in an electron's position, not significant breakthroughs. It highlights Max Planck's discovery that energy emits in discrete units calle...This page clarifies that "quantum leap" refers to minor changes in an electron's position, not significant breakthroughs. It highlights Max Planck's discovery that energy emits in discrete units called quanta, opposing classical physics' continuous energy view. A quantum is the smallest energy change for an atom, defined by Planck's constant h=6.626×10−34J⋅s. This principle is fundamental for understanding energy behavior at the atomic level.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/06%3A_The_Periodic_Table/6.16%3A_IonThis page explains the northern lights, which are produced by charged particles (ions) interacting with Earth's magnetic field. Ions form when atoms gain or lose electrons during electron transfer, re...This page explains the northern lights, which are produced by charged particles (ions) interacting with Earth's magnetic field. Ions form when atoms gain or lose electrons during electron transfer, resulting in positive or negative charges. These reactive ions can combine to create neutral compounds and are influenced by magnetic fields, as illustrated by the northern lights phenomenon.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/24%3A_Nuclear_Chemistry/24.02%3A_Nuclear_Decay_ProcessesThis page discusses food irradiation, a method using ionizing radiation to kill harmful bacteria while preserving nutritional value. It effectively targets parasites and pests but does not affect viru...This page discusses food irradiation, a method using ionizing radiation to kill harmful bacteria while preserving nutritional value. It effectively targets parasites and pests but does not affect viruses.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Los_Angeles_Trade_Technical_College/Analytical_Chemistry/2%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_2.0_(Harvey)/11%3A_Spectroscopic_Methods/11.08%3A_Spectroscopy_Based_on_ScatteringTwo general categories of scattering of radiation are recognized: elastic and inelastic. In elastic scattering, the radiation is scattered without undergoing change in the radiation’s energy. Elastic...Two general categories of scattering of radiation are recognized: elastic and inelastic. In elastic scattering, the radiation is scattered without undergoing change in the radiation’s energy. Elastic scattering is divided into two types: Rayleigh, or small-particle scattering, and large-particle scattering. Turbidimetry and nephelometry are two techniques based on the elastic scattering of radiation by a suspension of colloidal particles.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(LibreTexts)/01%3A_The_Dawn_of_the_Quantum_Theory/1.E%3A_The_Dawn_of_the_Quantum_Theory_(Exercises)This page explores various physics concepts, including the photoelectric effect, blackbody radiation, and quantum mechanics calculations. It addresses kinetic energies, photon interactions, and work f...This page explores various physics concepts, including the photoelectric effect, blackbody radiation, and quantum mechanics calculations. It addresses kinetic energies, photon interactions, and work functions for metals like sodium and gold. Topics such as the Paschen and Balmer series, de Broglie wavelengths, and the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle are discussed, along with applicable equations and calculations.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/24%3A_Nuclear_Chemistry/24.03%3A_Detection_of_RadioactivityThis page discusses the rising prices of uranium, which have led to increased exploration efforts using geological studies. It covers the measurement of radioactivity through decay rates in units such...This page discusses the rising prices of uranium, which have led to increased exploration efforts using geological studies. It covers the measurement of radioactivity through decay rates in units such as curies and becquerels. Personal dosimeters, like film badges and sensitive crystal systems, are used to track radiation exposure.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Instrumental_Analysis_(LibreTexts)/12%3A_Atomic_X-Ray_Spectrometry/12.02%3A_Instrument_ComponentsAtomic X-ray spectrometry has the same needs as other forms of optical spectroscopy: a source of X-rays, a means for isolating a desired range of wavelengths of X-rays, a means for detecting the X-ray...Atomic X-ray spectrometry has the same needs as other forms of optical spectroscopy: a source of X-rays, a means for isolating a desired range of wavelengths of X-rays, a means for detecting the X-rays, and a means for converting the signal at the transducer into a meaningful number. In this section we explore each of these needs.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Irvine/UCI%3A_General_Chemistry_1A_(OpenChem)/159Lasers_(OpenChem)
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Westminster_College/CHE_180_-_Inorganic_Chemistry/14%3A_Chapter_14_-_p-Block_Elements/14.4%3A_Group_16/Chemistry_of_Oxygen_(Z%3D8)/Ozone/Important_properties_of_ozoneContributors and Attributions
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/1_s-Block_Elements/Group__2_Elements%3A_The_Alkaline_Earth_Metals/Z004_Chemistry_of_Beryllium_(Z4)The name Beryllium comes from the Greek beryllos which is the name for the gemstone beryl. The element is a high-melting, silver-white metal which is the first member of the alkaline earth metals. It ...The name Beryllium comes from the Greek beryllos which is the name for the gemstone beryl. The element is a high-melting, silver-white metal which is the first member of the alkaline earth metals. It is not abundant in the environment and occurs mainly in the mineral beryl with aluminum and silicon.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/2_p-Block_Elements/Group_16%3A_The_Oxygen_Family_(The_Chalcogens)/Z008_Chemistry_of_Oxygen_(Z8)/Ozone/Important_properties_of_ozoneContributors and Attributions
