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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Worksheets/Worksheets%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_II/Statistics%3A_Excel_ExerciseCreate a histogram showing the distribution of pennies massed by year, with “Year” on the x-axis as a categorical variable, and “Number of Pennies” massed on the y-axis as a numerical variable. Right ...Create a histogram showing the distribution of pennies massed by year, with “Year” on the x-axis as a categorical variable, and “Number of Pennies” massed on the y-axis as a numerical variable. Right click on the chart and use the “Select Data” option: to ensure “Year” is on the x-axis as a categorical variable, and “Number of Pennies” massed on the y-axis as a numerical variable.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Data_Analysis/Data_Analysis_II/03_Comparing_Data_SetsThe two populations in the figure on the left clearly are well separated from each other and we can state confidently that a sample drawn from one population will have a mean that is significantly dif...The two populations in the figure on the left clearly are well separated from each other and we can state confidently that a sample drawn from one population will have a mean that is significantly different than the mean for a sample drawn from the other population. Because there is a significant overlap between the two populations, the mean for a sample drawn from one population may be similar to that for a sample drawn from the other population.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Worksheets/Worksheets%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_II/Penny_Statistics_with_Data_SetTo determine if there is a consistent trend in the mass of the pennies over time, plot the mass of the pennies for 1983 and later (on the y-axis) vs. If the mass of the pennies increases systematicall...To determine if there is a consistent trend in the mass of the pennies over time, plot the mass of the pennies for 1983 and later (on the y-axis) vs. If the mass of the pennies increases systematically from year to year, then the least-squares line through the data will have a positive slope; if the mass decreases, the slope will be negative; and if the mass is constant, the slope will be exactly zero.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Worksheets/Worksheets%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_II/Error_and_StatisticsAs a group, list anything you can think of that may contribute to variations in the mass as determined using an analytical balance. Summarize the effect of a systematic error on the data. Given the da...As a group, list anything you can think of that may contribute to variations in the mass as determined using an analytical balance. Summarize the effect of a systematic error on the data. Given the data in the table below, answer the following questions: Determine whether there is a difference in the means of these analyses at α = 0.05, assuming the standard deviations can be pooled. What are the 95% confidence intervals for the two samples of pennies in the table above?
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Data_Analysis/Data_Analysis_II/02_Preliminary_AnalysisFor example, you might be interested in how the concentration of lead in soil (the response) varies as a function of the soil's distance from a highway (the factor). Two common approaches are to exami...For example, you might be interested in how the concentration of lead in soil (the response) varies as a function of the soil's distance from a highway (the factor). Two common approaches are to examine the data visually, looking for interesting relationships between the response and the factors, and to summarize the data quantitatively. Your goal is to report the best estimate for a US penny’s mass, as well as a sense of the variability in that mass.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Data_Analysis/Data_Analysis_II/05_Outliers/04_Problem_3You can reject one of the possible outliers, the penny from 1943, without a Q-test because you know, from external evidence, that its composition is different from that of the other pennies. If you kn...You can reject one of the possible outliers, the penny from 1943, without a Q-test because you know, from external evidence, that its composition is different from that of the other pennies. If you know that there is a significant error affecting one data point that does not affect other data points, then you should eliminate that data point without regard to whether its value is similar to or different from the remaining data.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Analytical_Chemistry)/Data_Analysis/Data_Analysis_II/05_Outliers/03_Problem_2Open Data Set 1, which is an Excel file containing the mass and the year of minting for 47 pennies. Why did you select the results that you did and for what years are they? Use this link to learn more...Open Data Set 1, which is an Excel file containing the mass and the year of minting for 47 pennies. Why did you select the results that you did and for what years are they? Use this link to learn more about the history and production of the U. Does this information allow you to reach a conclusion about any of the possible outliers? If not, is there any additional information that might help you evaluate any of the remaining possible outliers?
