Table of Contents Last updated Mar 9, 2023 Save as PDF InfoPage Licensing Page ID182409 ( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) Table of Contents Licensing 1: Thickening and Concentrating Flavors 1.1: Viscosity 1.2: Thickening Agents 1.3: Types of Thickening Agents 1.4: Coagulation 1.5: Gelatinization 1.6: Crystallization 1.7: Non-traditional thickeners 1.8: Sauces 1.9: Low-temperature and sous-vide 2: Flour 2.1: Introduction - Understanding Ingredients 2.2: The History of Wheat Flour 2.3: Milling of Wheat 2.4: Flour Streams and Types of Wheat Flour 2.5: Flour Terms and Treatments 2.6: Flour Additives 2.7: Whole Grain and Artisan Milling 2.8: Flour in Baking 2.9: Rye Flour 2.10: Other Grains and Flours 3: Fat 3.1: Understanding Fats and Oils 3.2: Sources of Bakery Fats and Oils 3.3: Major Fats and Oils Used in Bakeries 3.4: Functions of Fat in Baking 4: Sugar 4.1: Sugar Chemistry (ADD US) 4.2: Sugar Refining 4.3: The Application of Sugar 4.4: Agave 4.6: Honey 4.7: Malt 4.8: Maple Syrup (ADD US) 4.9: Sugar Substitutes (ADD US) 4.5: Glucose/Dextrose 5: Leavening Agents 5.1: Introduction to Leavening Agents 5.2: Yeast 5.3: The Functions of Yeast 5.4: Using Yeast in Baking 5.5: Baking Powder 5.6: Sodium Bicarbonate 5.7: Ammonium Bicarbonate 5.8: Water Hardness and pH 6: Dairy Products 6.1: Introduction to Dairy Products 6.2: Milk 6.3: Milk Products ADD US 6.4: Milk in bread baking 6.5: Yogurt 6.6: Lactose 6.7: Cheese 7: Eggs 7.1: Eggs Grade 7.2: Composition and Nutrition 7.3: Egg Products 7.4: The Function of Eggs 7.5: Storing Eggs 8: Chocolate 8.1: From the Cocoa Bean to the Finished Chocolate 8.2: Chocolate Produced for the Baking Industry 8.3: Couverture 8.4: Definitions and Regulations (ADD US) 9: Spices 9.1: Elements of Taste 9.2: Introduction to Salt 9.3: Origins of Salt 9.4: Functions of Salt in Baking 9.5: Using Salt in Fermented Doughs 9.6: Storing Salt 9.7: Introduction to Spices and Other Flavorings 9.8: Seasoning and Flavoring 9.9: Herbs 9.10: Spices 9.11: Flavorings in Baking Index Index Glossary Detailed Licensing