A8: van der Waal's Constants for Real Gases
- Page ID
- 15729
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)The van der Waal's equation of state for a non-ideal (real) gas is:
\[ \left(P + \dfrac{an^2}{V^2}\right) (V − nb)=nRT \]
- To convert \(a\) into atm L2/mol2 multiply by 0.986 atm/bar
- To convert \(a\) into kPa L2/mol2 multiply by 100.0 kPa/bar
Molecular Formula | Name | \(a\) bar L2/mol2 |
\(b\) L/mol |
---|---|---|---|
AlCl3 | Aluminum trichloride | 42.63 | 0.2450 |
NH3 | Ammonia | 4.225 | 0.03713 |
NH4Cl | Ammonium chloride | 2.380 | 0.00734 |
Ar | Argon | 1.355 | 0.03201 |
BCl3 | Boron trichloride | 15.60 | 0.1222 |
BF3 | Boron trifluoride | 3.98 | 0.05443 |
B2H6 | Diborane | 6.048 | 0.07437 |
Br2 | Bromine | 9.75 | 0.0591 |
ClFO2 | Perchloryl fluoride | 7.371 | 0.07130 |
ClF5 | Chlorine pentafluoride | 9.58 | 0.08204 |
ClH4P | Phosphonium chloride | 4.111 | 0.04545 |
Cl2 | Chlorine | 6.343 | 0.05422 |
Cl3FSi | Trichlorofluorosilane | 15.67 | 0.1273 |
F2 | Fluorine | 1.171 | 0.02896 |
GeCl4 | Germanium tetrachloride | 23.12 | 0.1489 |
F3N | Nitrogen trifluoride | 3.58 | 0.05453 |
F3P | Phosphorus trifluoride | 4.954 | 0.06510 |
F4N2 | Tetrafluorohydrazine | 7.426 | 0.08564 |
GeH4 | Germane | 5.743 | 0.06555 |
He | Helium | 0.0346 | 0.0238 |
HBr | Hydrogen bromide | 4.500 | 0.04415 |
HCl | Hydrogen chloride | 3.700 | 0.04061 |
HCN | Hydrogen cyanide | 11.29 | 0.08806 |
HF | Hydrogen fluoride | 9.565 | 0.0739 |
HI | Hydrogen iodide | 6.309 | 0.05303 |
H2 | Hydrogen | 0.2453 | 0.02651 |
H2O | Water | 5.537 | 0.03049 |
H2S | Hydrogen sulphide | 4.544 | 0.04339 |
H2Se | Hydrogen selenide | 5.523 | 0.0479 |
Kr | Krypton | 2.325 | 0.0396 |
SiH4 | Silane | 4.38 | 0.0579 |
SiCl4 | Silicon tetrachloride | 20.96 | 0.1470 |
SiF4 | Silicon tetrafluoride | 5.259 | 0.07236 |
TiCl4 | Titanium(IV) chloride | 25.47 | 0.1423 |
Hg | Mercury | 5.193 | 0.01057 |
NO | Nitric oxide | 1.46 | 0.0289 |
NO2 | Nitrogen dioxide | 5.36 | 0.0443 |
N2 | Nitrogen | 1.370 | 0.0387 |
N2O | Nitrous oxide | 3.852 | 0.04435 |
N2H4 | Hydrazine | 8.46 | 0.0462 |
Ne | Neon | 0.208 | 0.01672 |
O2 | Oxygen | 1.382 | 0.03186 |
O3 | Ozone | 3.570 | 0.0487 |
P | Phosphorus | 53.6 | 0.157 |
PH3 | Phosphine | 4.696 | 0.05157 |
Rn | Radon | 6.601 | 0.06239 |
SnCl4 | Stannic chloride | 27.25 | 0.1641 |
S | Sulphur | 24.3 | 0.0660 |
SO2 | Sulphur dioxide | 6.865 | 0.05679 |
SF6 | Sulphur hexafluoride | 7.857 | 0.08786 |
Se | Selenium | 33.4 | 0.0675 |
UF6 | Uranium(VI) fluoride | 16.01 | 0.1128 |
WF6 | Tungsten(VI) fluoride | 13.25 | 0.1063 |
Xe | Xenon | 4.192 | 0.05156 |
XeF2 | Xenon difluoride | 12.46 | 0.07037 |
XeF4 | Xenon tetrafluoride | 15.52 | 0.09035 |
CClF3 | Chlorotrifluoromethane | 6.873 | 0.08110 |
CCl3F | Trichlorofluoromethane | 14.68 | 0.1111 |
CCl4 | Tetrachloromethane | 20.01 | 0.1281 |
CF4 | Tetrafluoromethane | 4.040 | 0.06325 |
CO | Carbon monoxide | 1.472 | 0.03948 |
COS | Carbon oxysulphide | 6.975 | 0.06628 |
CO2 | Carbon dioxide | 3.658 | 0.04286 |
CS2 | Carbon disulphide | 11.25 | 0.07262 |
CHCl3 | Trichloromethane | 15.34 | 0.1019 |
CHF3 | Trifluoromethane | 5.378 | 0.06403 |
CH2Cl2 | Dichloromethane | 12.44 | 0.08689 |
CH2F2 | Difluoromethane | 6.184 | 0.06268 |
CH3Cl | Chloromethane | 7.566 | 0.06477 |
CH3F | Fluoromethane | 5.009 | 0.05617 |
NH3NO2 | Nitromethane | 17.18 | 0.1041 |
CH4 | Methane | 2.300 | 0.04301 |
CH3OH | Methanol | 9.472 | 0.06584 |
CH3SH | Methanethiol | 8.911 | 0.06756 |
CH3NH2 | Methylamine | 7.106 | 0.05879 |
C2Cl2F3 | 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane | 20.25 | 0.1481 |
C2F4 | Tetrafluoroethylene | 6.954 | 0.08085 |
C2N2 | Cyanogen | 7.803 | 0.6952 |
C2H2 | Acetylene | 4.516 | 0.05220 |
C2H2F2 | 1,1-Difluoroethylene | 6.000 | 0.07058 |
C2H3Cl3 | 1,1,1-Trichloroethane | 20.15 | 0.1317 |
C2H3F | Fluroethylene | 5.984 | 0.06504 |
C2H3F3 | 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane | 9.302 | 0.09572 |
C2H3N | Acetonitrile | 17.89 | 0.1169 |
C2H4 | Ethylene | 4.612 | 0.05821 |
C2H4Cl2 | 1,1-Dichloroethane | 15.73 | 0.1072 |
C2H4Cl2 | 1,2-Dichloroethane | 17.0 | 0.108 |
C2H4O | Ethylene oxide | 8.922 | 0.06779 |
CH3COOH | Acetic acid | 17.71 | 0.1065 |
C2H4O2 | Methyl formate | 11.54 | 0.08442 |
C2H5Br | Bromoethane | 11.89 | 0.08406 |
C2H5Cl | Chloroethane | 11.7 | 0.090 |
C2H5F | Fluoroethane | 8.170 | 0.07758 |
C2H6 | Ethane | 5.570 | 0.06499 |
C2H6O | Dimethyl ether | 8.690 | 0.07742 |
C2H5OH | Ethanol | 12.56 | 0.08710 |
C2H5SH | Dimethyl sulphide | 13.34 | 0.09453 |
C2H5SH | Ethanethiol | 13.23 | 0.09447 |
C2H7N | Dimethylamine | 10.44 | 0.08510 |
C2H7N | Ethylamine | 10.79 | 0.08433 |
C3F8 | Perfluoropropane | 12.96 | 0.1338 |
C3H5N | Propanenitrile | 21.57 | 0.1369 |
C3H6 | Propene | 8.438 | 0.08242 |
C3H6 | Cyclopropane | 8.293 | 0.07420 |
C3H6O | Acetone | 16.02 | 0.1124 |
C3H6O | Propanal | 14.08 | 0.09947 |
C3H6O2 | Ethyl formate | 15.91 | 0.1115 |
C3H6O2 | Methyl acetate | 15.75 | 0.1108 |
C3H6O2 | Propanoic acid | 23.49 | 0.1386 |
C3H7Cl | 1-Chloropropane | 16.11 | 0.1141` |
C3H8 | Propane | 9.385 | 0.09044 |
C3H8O | 1-Propanol | 16.26 | 0.1080 |
C3H8O | 2-Propanol | 15.82 | 0.1109 |
C3H8O | Ethyl methyl ether | 12.70 | 0.1034 |
C3H8S | Ethyl methyl sulphide | 19.45 | 0.1300 |
C3H9N | Propylamine | 15.26 | 0.1094 |
C3H9N | Trimethylamine | 13.37 | 0.1101 |
C4H4O | Furan | 12.74 | 0.0926 |
C4H4S | Thiophene | 17.21 | 0.1058 |
C4H4N | Pyrrole | 18.82 | 0.1049 |
C4H6 | 1,3-Butadiene | 12.17 | 0.1020 |
C4H6O3 | Acetic anhydride | 26.8 | 0.157 |
C4H7N | Butanenitrile | 25.76 | 0.1568 |
C4H8 | 1-Butene | 12.76 | 0.1084 |
C4H8 | Cyclobutane | 12.39 | 0.0960 |
C4H8O | 2-Butanone | 19.97 | 0.1326 |
C4H8O | Tetrahydrofuran | 16.39 | 0.1082 |
C4H8O2 | 1,4-Dioxane | 19.29 | 0.1171 |
C4H8O2 | Ethyl acetate | 20.57 | 0.1401 |
C4H8O2 | Methyl propanoate | 20.51 | 0.1377 |
C4H8O2 | Propyl formate | 20.79 | 0.1377 |
C4H8O2 | Butanoic acid | 28.18 | 0.1609 |
C4H9N | Pyrrolidine | 16.84 | 0.1056 |
C4H10 | Butane | 13.93 | 0.1168 |
C4H10 | Isobutane | 13.36 | 0.1168 |
C4H10O | 1-Butanol | 20.90 | 0.1323 |
C4H10O | 2-Methyl-2-propanol | 18.81 | 0.1324 |
C4H10O | 2-Methyl-1-propanol | 20.35 | 0.1324 |
C4H10O | Diethyl ether | 17.46 | 0.1333 |
C4H10S | Diethyl sulphide | 22.85 | 0.1462 |
C4H11N | Butylamine | 19.41 | 0.1301 |
C4H11N | Diethylamine | 19.40 | 0.1383 |
C4H12Si | Tetramethylsilane | 20.81 | 0.1653 |
C5H4O2 | Furfural | 22.23 | 0.1182 |
C5H5N | Pyridine | 19.77 | 0.1137 |
C5H8 | Cyclopentene | 15.61 | 0.1097 |
C5H10 | 1-Pentene | 17.86 | 0.1370 |
C5H10 | 2-Methyl-1-butene | 16.9 | 0.129 |
C5H10 | 2-Methyl-2-butene | 17.26 | 0.1279 |
C5H10 | Cyclopentane | 16.94 | 0.1180 |
C5H10O | Tetrahydropyran | 20.02 | 0.1247 |
C5H10O2 | Isobutyl formate | 22.82 | 0.1476 |
C5H10O2 | Propyl acetate | 26.23 | 0.1700 |
C5H10O2 | Ethyl propanoate | 25.86 | 0.1688 |
C5H10O2 | Methyl butanoate | 25.83 | 0.1661 |
C5H10O2 | Methyl isobutanoate | 24.87 | 0.1639 |
C5H11N | Piperidine | 20.84 | 0.1250 |
C5H12 | Pentane | 19.13 | 0.1451 |
C5H12 | Isopentane | 18.29 | 0.1415 |
C5H12 | Neopentane | 17.17 | 0.1410 |
C5H12O | 1-Pentanol | 25.81 | 0.1564 |
C6H5Br | Bromobenzene | 28.96 | 0.1541 |
C6H5Cl | Chlorobenzene | 25.80 | 0.1454 |
C6H5F | Fluorobenzene | 20.10 | 0.1279 |
C6H5I | Iodobenzene | 33.54 | 0.1658 |
C6H6 | Benzene | 18.82 | 0.1193 |
C6H5OH | Phenol | 22.93 | 0.1177 |
C6H5NH2 | Aniline | 29.14 | 0.1486 |
C6H10O | Cyclohexanone | 31.1 | 0.170 |
C6H11N | Hexanenitrile | 35.50 | 0.1996 |
C6H12 | Cyclohexane | 21.95 | 0.1413 |
C6H11OH | Cyclohexanol | 28.93 | 0.1586 |
C6H12O2 | Pentyl formate | 27.97 | 0.1730 |
C6H12O2 | Isobutyl acetate | 29.05 | 0.1845 |
C6H12O2 | Ethyl butanoate | 30.53 | 0.1922 |
C6H12O2 | Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate | 29.05 | 0.1872 |
C6H12O2 | Methyl pentanoate | 29.39 | 0.1847 |
C6H14 | Hexane | 24.97 | 0.1753 |
C6H14 | 2,3-Dimethylbutane | 23.29 | 0.1660 |
C6H14O | 1-Hexanol | 31.35 | 0.1829 |
C6H15N | Triethylamine | 27.59 | 0.1836 |
C6H15N | Dipropylamine | 24.82 | 0.1591 |
C7H5N | Benzonitrile | 33.89 | 0.1727 |
C7H6O | Benzaldehyde | 30.30 | 0.1553 |
C7H8 | Toluene | 24.89 | 0.1499 |
C7H8O | o-Cresol | 28.33 | 0.1447 |
C7H8O | m-Cresol | 31.86 | 0.1609 |
C7H8O | p-Cresol | 28.11 | 0.1422 |
C7H8O | Benzyl alcohol | 34.7 | 0.173 |
C7H8O | Anisole | 28.60 | 0.1579 |
C7H16 | Heptane | 30.89 | 0.2038 |
C7H15OH | Heptanol | 37.22 | 0.2097 |
C8H10 | Ethylbenzene | 30.86 | 0.1782 |
C8H10 | o-Xylene | 31.06 | 0.1756 |
C8H10 | m-Xylene | 31.41 | 0.1814 |
C8H10 | p-Xylene | 31.54 | 0.1824 |
C8H10O | Phenetole | 35.70 | 0.1966 |
C8H11N | N,N-Dimethylaniline | 37.92 | 0.1967 |
C8H18 | Octane | 37.86 | 0.2372 |
C8H18 | 2,5-Dimethylhexane | 35.49 | 0.2299 |
C8H18O | 1-Octanol | 43.42 | 0.2371 |
C9H7N | Quinoline | 36.70 | 0.1672 |
C9H12 | Cumene | 36.20 | 0.2044 |
C9H12 | Propylbenzene | 37.14 | 0.2073 |
C9H12 | 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene | 38.03 | 0.2088 |
C9H12 | Mesitylene | 37.87 | 0.2118 |
C9H20 | Nonane | 45.11 | 0.2702 |
C9H20O | 1-Nonanol | 50.00 | 0.2654 |
C10H8 | Naphthalene | 40.32 | 0.1920 |
C10H14 | Butylbenzene | 44.07 | 0.2378 |
C10H14 | Isobutylbenzene | 40.40 | 0.2215 |
C10H14 | o-Cymene | 42.7 | 0.234 |
C10H14 | p-Cymene | 45.27 | 0.2478 |
C10H14 | p-Diethylbenzene | 45.03 | 0.2439 |
C10H14 | 1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene | 45.8 | 0.24 |
C10H22 | Decane | 52.88 | 0.3051 |
C10H22O | 1-Decanol | 57.45 | 0.2971 |
C11H24 | Undecane | 60.88 | 0.3396 |
C12H10 | Biphenyl | 47.16 | 0.2130 |
C12H26 | Dodecane | 69.14 | 0.3741 |
C12H26O | 1-Dodecanol | 72.69 | 0.3598 |
C13H12 | Diphenylmethane | 60.46 | 0.2798 |
C13H28 | Tridecane | 77.94 | 0.4109 |
C13H28O | 1-Tridecanol | 81.20 | 0.3942 |
C14H30O | 1-Tetradecanol | 89.91 | 0.4289 |
C15H32 | Pentadecane | 96.50 | 0.4857 |