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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Minnesota_Rochester/genchem2/4%3A_Thermodynamics/4.5%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Oneonta/Chem_221%3A_Organic_Chemistry_I_(Bennett)/3%3AStuff_to_Review_from_General_Chemistry/10%3A_Thermodynamics/10.01%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Nassau_Community_College/General_Chemistry_II/06%3A_Thermodynamics/6.01%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Millersville_University/CHEM_341-_Physical_Chemistry_I/05%3A_The_Second_Law/5.02%3A_Introduction_to_the_Second_LawThe second law of thermodynamics, which introduces us to the topic of entropy, is amazing in how it constrains what we can experience and what we can do in the universe. A spontaneous process is one t...The second law of thermodynamics, which introduces us to the topic of entropy, is amazing in how it constrains what we can experience and what we can do in the universe. A spontaneous process is one that will occur without external forces pushing it. A process can be spontaneous even if it happens very slowly. Unfortunately, Thermodynamics is silent on the topic of how fast processes will occur, but is provides us with a powerful toolbox for predicting which processes will be spontaneous.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Lebanon_Valley_College/CHM_312%3A_Physical_Chemistry_II_(Lebanon_Valley_College)/03%3A_Entropy_and_the_Second_and_Third_Laws/3.02%3A_Introduction_to_the_Second_LawThe second law of thermodynamics, which introduces us to the topic of entropy, is amazing in how it constrains what we can experience and what we can do in the universe. A spontaneous process is one t...The second law of thermodynamics, which introduces us to the topic of entropy, is amazing in how it constrains what we can experience and what we can do in the universe. A spontaneous process is one that will occur without external forces pushing it. A process can be spontaneous even if it happens very slowly. Unfortunately, Thermodynamics is silent on the topic of how fast processes will occur, but is provides us with a powerful toolbox for predicting which processes will be spontaneous.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(Fleming)/05%3A_The_Second_Law/5.01%3A_Introduction_to_the_Second_LawThe text discusses fundamental principles of thermodynamics as articulated by Rudolf Clausius???specifically, the conservation of energy and the increase of entropy. It delves into the second law of t...The text discusses fundamental principles of thermodynamics as articulated by Rudolf Clausius???specifically, the conservation of energy and the increase of entropy. It delves into the second law of thermodynamics, which introduces the concept of entropy and how it influences our perception of time and irreversible processes. The discussion includes spontaneous processes, which occur without external forces and may not be predicted solely by energy changes.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Tech_PortlandMetro_Campus/OT_-_PDX_-_Metro%3A_General_Chemistry_II/08%3A_Crash_Course_on_Kinetics_Equilibrium_and_Thermodynamics/8.08%3A_Spontaneity_(Thermodynamics)The process may also yield a more uniform dispersal of matter, since the initial state of the system involves two regions of different dye concentrations (high in the drop, zero in the water), and the...The process may also yield a more uniform dispersal of matter, since the initial state of the system involves two regions of different dye concentrations (high in the drop, zero in the water), and the final state of the system contains a single dye concentration throughout. If you were to touch the nozzle of the canister, you would notice that it is cold because the exiting molecules are taking energy away from their surroundings, and the canister is part of the surroundings.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/DePaul_University/Thermodynamics_and_Introduction_to_Quantum_Mechanics_(Southern)/03%3A_The_Second_and_Third_Laws_of_Thermodynamics/3.01%3A_Introduction_to_the_Second_LawThe second law of thermodynamics, which introduces us to the topic of entropy, is amazing in how it constrains what we can experience and what we can do in the universe. A spontaneous process is one t...The second law of thermodynamics, which introduces us to the topic of entropy, is amazing in how it constrains what we can experience and what we can do in the universe. A spontaneous process is one that will occur without external forces pushing it. A process can be spontaneous even if it happens very slowly. Unfortunately, Thermodynamics is silent on the topic of how fast processes will occur, but is provides us with a powerful toolbox for predicting which processes will be spontaneous.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Prince_Georges_Community_College/CHEM_2000%3A_Chemistry_for_Engineers_(Sinex)/Unit_6%3A_Thermo_and_Electrochemistry/Chapter_16%3A_Entropy_and_Free_Energy/Chapter_16.4%3A_Spontaneity_and_EquilibriumWe have identified three criteria for whether a given reaction will occur spontaneously: ΔS univ > 0, ΔG sys < 0, and the relative magnitude of the reaction quotient Q versus the equilibrium constant ...We have identified three criteria for whether a given reaction will occur spontaneously: ΔS univ > 0, ΔG sys < 0, and the relative magnitude of the reaction quotient Q versus the equilibrium constant K. (For more information on the reaction quotient and the equilibrium constant, see Chapter 15.) Recall that if Q < K, then the reaction proceeds spontaneously to the right as written, resulting in the net conversion of reactants to products.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Chemistry_101B/05%3A_Thermodynamics/5.1%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/CSU_San_Bernardino/CHEM_2200%3A_General_Chemistry_II_(Mink)/16%3A_Thermodynamics/16.02%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
