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3.1: Buffered Solutions
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Stanford_Online_High_School/TEN2A-Acids/03%3A_Buffers/3.01%3A_Buffered_Solutions
Buffers are solutions that resist a change in pH after adding an acid or a base. Buffers contain a weak acid ( $HA$ ) and its conjugate weak base ( $A^−$ ). Adding a strong electrolyte that contains o...Buffers are solutions that resist a change in pH after adding an acid or a base. Buffers contain a weak acid ( $HA$ ) and its conjugate weak base ( $A^−$ ). Adding a strong electrolyte that contains one ion in common with a reaction system that is at equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in such a way as to reduce the concentration of the common ion. Buffers are characterized by their pH range and buffer capacity.
5.14: Buffered Solutions
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Alberta_Augustana_Campus/AUCHE_112_-_General_Chemistry_II_(Elizabeth_McGinitie)/05%3A_Acids_and_Bases/5.14%3A_Buffered_Solutions
Buffers are solutions that resist a change in pH after adding an acid or a base. Buffers contain a weak acid ( $HA$ ) and its conjugate weak base ( $A^−$ ). Adding a strong electrolyte that contains o...Buffers are solutions that resist a change in pH after adding an acid or a base. Buffers contain a weak acid ( $HA$ ) and its conjugate weak base ( $A^−$ ). Adding a strong electrolyte that contains one ion in common with a reaction system that is at equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in such a way as to reduce the concentration of the common ion. Buffers are characterized by their pH range and buffer capacity.

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