The motivation of Fourier transform arises from Fourier series, which was proposed by French mathematician and physicist Joseph Fourier when he tried to analyze the flow and the distribution of energy...The motivation of Fourier transform arises from Fourier series, which was proposed by French mathematician and physicist Joseph Fourier when he tried to analyze the flow and the distribution of energy in solid bodies at the turn of the 19th century. Then by changing the position of the moving mirror, a different optical path difference is modified and the detector can measure another intensity of the total beam as the second data point.
