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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Widener_University/Widener_University%3A_Chem_135/09%3A_Advanced_Theories_of_Covalent_Bonding/9.02%3A_Multiple_BondsMultiple bonds consist of a σ bond located along the axis between two atoms and one or two π bonds. The σ bonds are usually formed by the overlap of hybridized atomic orbitals, while the π bonds are f...Multiple bonds consist of a σ bond located along the axis between two atoms and one or two π bonds. The σ bonds are usually formed by the overlap of hybridized atomic orbitals, while the π bonds are formed by the side-by-side overlap of unhybridized orbitals. Resonance occurs when there are multiple unhybridized orbitals with the appropriate alignment to overlap, so the placement of π bonds can vary.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT%3A_CHE_333_-_Organic_Chemistry_III_(Lund)/New_Page/7%3A_Acid-base_Reactions/7.4%3A_Acid-base_Properties_of_PhenolsResonance effects involving aromatic structures can have a dramatic influence on acidity and basicity. Notice, for example, the difference in acidity between phenol and cyclohexanol.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology/OIT_(Lund)%3A_Organic_Chemistry_with_a_Biological_Emphasis_(Soderberg)/07%3A_Acid-base_Reactions/7.03%3A_Structural_Effects_on_Acidity_and_BasicityNow that we know how to quantify the strength of an acid or base, our next job is to gain an understanding of the fundamental reasons behind why one compound is more acidic or more basic than another....Now that we know how to quantify the strength of an acid or base, our next job is to gain an understanding of the fundamental reasons behind why one compound is more acidic or more basic than another. This is a big step: we are, for the first time, taking our knowledge of organic structure and applying it to a question of organic reactivity.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Chabot_College/Chem_12A%3A_Organic_Chemistry_Fall_2022/03%3A_Representations_of_Organic_Molecules/3.03%3A_ResonanceResonance delocalizes shared electrons over three or more atoms to lower the electron density and stabilize the compound or ion.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Sandboxes/khaas/Inorganic_Chemistry_II_(CHEM4210)/01%3A_Basic_Inorganic_Concepts/1.03%3A_Simple_Bonding_Theory/1.3.01%3A_Lewis_Electron-Dot_Diagrams/1.3.1.01%3A_ResonanceResonance structures are a set of two or more Lewis Structures that collectively describe the electronic bonding of a single polyatomic species including fractional bonds and fractional charges. Reson...Resonance structures are a set of two or more Lewis Structures that collectively describe the electronic bonding of a single polyatomic species including fractional bonds and fractional charges. Resonance structures are capable of describing delocalized electrons that cannot be expressed by a single Lewis formula with an integral number of covalent bonds.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Arkansas_Northeastern_College/CH14133%3A_Chemistry_for_General_Education/10%3A_Chemical_Bonding/10.06%3A_Resonance_-_Equivalent_Lewis_Structures_for_the_Same_MoleculeResonance structures are averages of different Lewis structure possibilities. Bond lengths are intermediate between covalent bonds and covalent double bonds.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Santa_Barbara_City_College/SBCC_Chem_101%3A_Introductory_Chemistry/10%3A_Chemical_Bonding/10.05%3A_Resonance_-_Equivalent_Lewis_Structures_for_the_Same_MoleculeResonance structures are averages of different Lewis structure possibilities. Bond lengths are intermediate between covalent bonds and covalent double bonds.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/CSU_San_Bernardino/CHEM_2100%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(Mink)/07%3A_Chemical_Bonding_and_Molecular_Geometry/7.05%3A_Formal_Charges_and_ResonanceIn a Lewis structure, formal charges can be assigned to each atom by treating each bond as if one-half of the electrons are assigned to each atom. These hypothetical formal charges are a guide to dete...In a Lewis structure, formal charges can be assigned to each atom by treating each bond as if one-half of the electrons are assigned to each atom. These hypothetical formal charges are a guide to determining the most appropriate Lewis structure. A structure in which the formal charges are as close to zero as possible is preferred. Resonance occurs in cases where two or more Lewis structures with identical arrangements of atoms but different distributions of electrons can be written.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Widener_University/CHEM_176%3A_General_Chemistry_II_(Fischer-Drowos)/14%3A_Advanced_Theories_of_Covalent_Bonding/14.04%3A_Multiple_BondsMultiple bonds consist of a σ bond located along the axis between two atoms and one or two π bonds. The σ bonds are usually formed by the overlap of hybridized atomic orbitals, while the π bonds are f...Multiple bonds consist of a σ bond located along the axis between two atoms and one or two π bonds. The σ bonds are usually formed by the overlap of hybridized atomic orbitals, while the π bonds are formed by the side-by-side overlap of unhybridized orbitals. Resonance occurs when there are multiple unhybridized orbitals with the appropriate alignment to overlap, so the placement of π bonds can vary.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Brevard_College/CHE_103_Principles_of_Chemistry_I/05%3A_Chemical_Bond_II/5.05%3A_Resonance_-_Equivalent_Lewis_Structures_for_the_Same_MoleculeResonance structures are averages of different Lewis structure possibilities. Bond lengths are intermediate between covalent bonds and covalent double bonds.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Mendocino_College/Introduction_to_Chemistry_(CHM_200)/04%3A__Covalent_Compounds/4.06%3A_Resonance_-_Equivalent_Lewis_Structures_for_the_Same_MoleculeResonance structures are averages of different Lewis structure possibilities. Bond lengths are intermediate between covalent bonds and covalent double bonds.
