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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Minnesota_Rochester/genchem2/4%3A_Thermodynamics/4.5%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/SUNY_Oneonta/Chem_221%3A_Organic_Chemistry_I_(Bennett)/3%3AStuff_to_Review_from_General_Chemistry/10%3A_Thermodynamics/10.01%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Nassau_Community_College/General_Chemistry_II/06%3A_Thermodynamics/6.01%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/ChemPRIME_(Moore_et_al.)/16%3A_Entropy_and_Spontaneous_Reactions/16.02%3A_Spontaneous_Processes_and_Molecular_ProbabilityIt is clear that the first video of nitrogen triiodide exploding at the touch of a feather is going forward in time. The mixing of the dye is spontaneous, we expect it to happen, so we know that the v...It is clear that the first video of nitrogen triiodide exploding at the touch of a feather is going forward in time. The mixing of the dye is spontaneous, we expect it to happen, so we know that the video must be in reverse, showing a process we intuitively know is unnatural. Following the chemist's view of the world, we can understand what is occurring macroscopically by considering what is occurring with molecules and atoms at the microscopic level.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Oregon_Tech_PortlandMetro_Campus/OT_-_PDX_-_Metro%3A_General_Chemistry_II/08%3A_Crash_Course_on_Kinetics_Equilibrium_and_Thermodynamics/8.08%3A_Spontaneity_(Thermodynamics)The process may also yield a more uniform dispersal of matter, since the initial state of the system involves two regions of different dye concentrations (high in the drop, zero in the water), and the...The process may also yield a more uniform dispersal of matter, since the initial state of the system involves two regions of different dye concentrations (high in the drop, zero in the water), and the final state of the system contains a single dye concentration throughout. If you were to touch the nozzle of the canister, you would notice that it is cold because the exiting molecules are taking energy away from their surroundings, and the canister is part of the surroundings.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Alberta_Augustana_Campus/AUCHE_112_-_General_Chemistry_II_(Elizabeth_McGinitie)/06%3A_Electrochemistry/6.09%3A_ElectrolysisIn electrolysis, an external voltage is applied to drive a nonspontaneous reaction. Electrolysis can also be used to produce H2 and O2 from water. Electroplating is the process by which a se...In electrolysis, an external voltage is applied to drive a nonspontaneous reaction. Electrolysis can also be used to produce H2 and O2 from water. Electroplating is the process by which a second metal is deposited on a metal surface. The amount of material consumed or produced in a reaction can be calculated from the stoichiometry of an electrolysis reaction, the amount of current passed, and the duration of the electrolytic reaction.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Kansas/CHEM_130%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(Sharpe_Elles)/16%3A_Chemical_Thermodynamics/16.00%3A_Spontaneous_ProcessesChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Map%3A_Chemistry_-_The_Central_Science_(Brown_et_al.)/20%3A_Electrochemistry/20.09%3A_ElectrolysisIn electrolysis, an external voltage is applied to drive a nonspontaneous reaction. Electrolysis can also be used to produce H2 and O2 from water. Electroplating is the process by which a se...In electrolysis, an external voltage is applied to drive a nonspontaneous reaction. Electrolysis can also be used to produce H2 and O2 from water. Electroplating is the process by which a second metal is deposited on a metal surface. The amount of material consumed or produced in a reaction can be calculated from the stoichiometry of an electrolysis reaction, the amount of current passed, and the duration of the electrolytic reaction.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Chemistry_101B/05%3A_Thermodynamics/5.1%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/CSU_San_Bernardino/CHEM_2200%3A_General_Chemistry_II_(Mink)/16%3A_Thermodynamics/16.02%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/CSU_San_Bernardino/CHEM_2100%3A_General_Chemistry_I_(Mink)/16%3A_Thermodynamics/16.02%3A_SpontaneityChemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some exte...Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system.
