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- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/14%3A_The_Behavior_of_Gases/14.14%3A_Dalton's_Law_of_Partial_PressuresThis page discusses Venus' inhospitable atmosphere, dominated by carbon dioxide, high pressure, and extreme temperatures. It also explains Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures, which states that in a gas...This page discusses Venus' inhospitable atmosphere, dominated by carbon dioxide, high pressure, and extreme temperatures. It also explains Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures, which states that in a gas mixture, each gas independently contributes to the total pressure. This principle is illustrated with Earth's atmosphere, where gases like nitrogen and oxygen combine to create the overall pressure.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Descriptive_Chemistry/Elements_Organized_by_Block/2_p-Block_Elements/Group_14%3A_The_Carbon_Family/1Group_14%3A_General_Chemistry/Oxides_of_Group_4_ElementsThis page briefly examines the oxides of carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead. It concentrates on the structural differences between carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide, and on the trends in acid-b...This page briefly examines the oxides of carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead. It concentrates on the structural differences between carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide, and on the trends in acid-base behavior of the oxides down Group 4.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/21%3A_Acids_and_Bases/21.21%3A_Hydrolysis_of_Salts_-_EquationsThis page explores the chemistry of baking, focusing on ingredients like baking powder that contribute to fluffiness through carbon dioxide. It discusses how the pH of salt solutions can vary based on...This page explores the chemistry of baking, focusing on ingredients like baking powder that contribute to fluffiness through carbon dioxide. It discusses how the pH of salt solutions can vary based on the strength of the acids and bases involved, highlighting that salts from weak acids and strong bases yield basic solutions, while those from strong acids and weak bases yield acidic solutions. The concept of salt hydrolysis is essential for determining the resulting pH of these solutions.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Book%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_Online_(Young)/05%3A_Chemical_Reactions/5.6%3A_Predicting_Products_from_Chemical_ReactionsFor the reaction between lead(IV) chloride and fluorine gas, the fluorine will replace the chlorine, leading to a compound between lead and fluorine and the production of elemental chlorine. The lead ...For the reaction between lead(IV) chloride and fluorine gas, the fluorine will replace the chlorine, leading to a compound between lead and fluorine and the production of elemental chlorine. The lead can be viewed as a “spectator” in the reaction and the product is likely to be lead(IV) fluoride. Consulting the activity series, we see that hydrogen is to the right of iron, meaning that the reaction is expected to occur.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/12%3A_Stoichiometry/12.05%3A_Volume-Volume_StoichiometryThis page discusses propane grills and methods to gauge propane levels using pressure gauges. It introduces volume-volume stoichiometry based on Avogadro's hypothesis, explaining that equal gas volume...This page discusses propane grills and methods to gauge propane levels using pressure gauges. It introduces volume-volume stoichiometry based on Avogadro's hypothesis, explaining that equal gas volumes at the same temperature and pressure contain the same particle number.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/20%3A_Entropy_and_Free_Energy/20.06%3A_Temperature_and_Free_EnergyThis page discusses the reactions of iron ore and coke producing iron and carbon dioxide at high temperatures. It also explains the decomposition of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide and carbon dio...This page discusses the reactions of iron ore and coke producing iron and carbon dioxide at high temperatures. It also explains the decomposition of calcium carbonate into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide, which requires temperatures exceeding approximately 835°C. Below this temperature, the products are not detectable, but measurable carbon dioxide is produced above 700°C. The quicklime production process leverages the removal of carbon dioxide to favor product formation.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Worksheets/Worksheets%3A_Analytical_Chemistry_II/Atmospheric_Gases__CO2_and_O3These datasets will help you understand: (1) the units used to measure these gases in the atmosphere; (2) the basis about how these atmospheric gases are changing; (3) estimates for how long it will t...These datasets will help you understand: (1) the units used to measure these gases in the atmosphere; (2) the basis about how these atmospheric gases are changing; (3) estimates for how long it will take for these values to change; (4) the effects of looking at only a portion of a data set in terms of describing its properties. The ozone hole is not technically a “hole” where no ozone is present, but is actually a region of depleted ozone in the stratosphere over the Antarctic.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/16%3A_Solutions/16.06%3A_Henry's_LawThis page discusses the challenges of maintaining carbonation in soft drinks in outer space due to microgravity. It explains that carbonation dissipates without pressure and highlights the use of a pr...This page discusses the challenges of maintaining carbonation in soft drinks in outer space due to microgravity. It explains that carbonation dissipates without pressure and highlights the use of a pressurized container to keep gases dissolved. Henry's Law is referenced to show that higher gas pressure increases solubility. Opening a bottle reduces pressure, leading to gas escape and flat beverages over time.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Physical_Chemistry_(Fleming)/08%3A_Phase_Equilibrium/8.08%3A_Non-ideality_-_Henry's_Law_and_AzeotropesThe page discusses the behaviors of ideal solutions of volatile compounds that obey Raoult's Law and how Henry's Law can describe deviations. It features an example calculating the Henry's Law constan...The page discusses the behaviors of ideal solutions of volatile compounds that obey Raoult's Law and how Henry's Law can describe deviations. It features an example calculating the Henry's Law constant for the solubility of CO2 in water. The page also covers azeotropes, explaining their characteristics and phase diagrams, which represent maximum and minimum boiling points. It includes examples and solutions to illustrate these concepts and their implications in phases and compositions.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/09%3A_Covalent_Bonding/9.13%3A_VSEPR_TheoryThis page discusses the water molecule's bent shape, which enhances its polarity and boiling point, crucial for supporting life. It highlights the historical challenge in explaining this shape compare...This page discusses the water molecule's bent shape, which enhances its polarity and boiling point, crucial for supporting life. It highlights the historical challenge in explaining this shape compared to carbon dioxide. In 1956, VSEPR theory was introduced by R.J. Gillespie and R.S. Nyholm, providing a method to predict molecular geometry by considering electron pair repulsion, aiding in the understanding of molecular structure based on bonding and lone electron pairs.
- https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/10%3A_The_Mole/10.08%3A_Gas_DensityThis page explains carbon dioxide's sinking behavior in air due to its higher density compared to lighter gases. It defines gas density (mass per unit volume) and relates it to molar mass, providing e...This page explains carbon dioxide's sinking behavior in air due to its higher density compared to lighter gases. It defines gas density (mass per unit volume) and relates it to molar mass, providing examples of gas density calculations at standard temperature and pressure (STP). The content highlights conversions between molar mass and gas density and includes review questions to enhance comprehension.
